Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 4th Edition 5 February 2018
03/05/2019 19:19
Dear Y.,
1. From the definition of language to the direction of language research
1.1
I don't use the word "research" in Japanese very often, but here I simply use the word "language research" to think about language. Then, I think the question is the purpose of language research and the application of language research.
When it comes to what language is, in general, language is a way for humans to convey their state of mind fairly precisely . Humans are usually supposed to speak and hear. It is a so-called natural language. However, I do not define such a so-called language in my own language research on language. My research, of course, includes natural language, but it is more extensive . Moreover, in my opinion, defining a language as a natural language is only ambiguous. This is the reason why super-languages are advocated in foundations of mathematics.
1.2
Therefore, I do not call my research linguistics, and I do not use terms such as linguistics and philology in English. Because these terms are centered around natural language. In my case, it's more extensive, so I just write research on language. this A broad language, Broad Language in my terminology, which I'll discuss later.
So, I wonder if there will be any confusion if it remains undefined, but in my case, the written content (probably) tells me the situation of the language I say, so it's more ambiguous. I have decided not to use the definition. Since I mainly use mathematics, the world that is built by the axioms and theorems is the language that I show. Mathematics is often described as having a history of 5,000 years since Greece, but it has refined results over its long history. It is often used in the field of probability and statistics that this result has been verified 100 million times, so it is probably okay, but that does not guarantee that there will be any problems when verified the 101st time. ..
1.3
Mathematics is not possible without absolute guarantees. That is the proof proof. However, the word "perfect" is not commonly used. This is because Kruto Godel proved incompleteness theorem in 1928, which states that "the methods inherent in mathematics cannot be used to prove the completeness of mathematics ." The translation is now available at Iwanami Bunko, but I still don't understand the whole story. I read some kinds of proofs. From the outside, it may seem uneasy, but mathematics itself is unwavering even with these theorems.
1.4
Then, for example, in a language, I use the word distance. It would be quite difficult to define the word distance itself exactly in natural language .
Language space is also used, but defining space is still quite difficult in natural language.
Language change is often used, but where and how it changes, what is the substance if it changes, and if there is no substance, the change itself becomes meaningless. Also, when you start thinking about what changes are, you can no longer manage them . Wittgenstein's famous phrase is that "philosophy is a history of misunderstanding," but it seems that he has built something like a tower on the sand on top of the ambiguity of language.
Basically, even if you try to define a language in a language, you will have difficulty. I will omit the details, but progress has been made in the field of foundations of mathematics, especially since the 1970s. Last summer, Gaisi Takeuti, a Japanese pioneer of basic mathematics, died. I also learned a lot from him. The February issue of the Mathematics Seminar features him. It was very interesting to me.
But I'm not denying philosophy. On the contrary, I think that my foundation is derived from philosophy .
1.5
That's why I no longer write the basics of a language in a language. It's easy to say this, but in my case it took me in my twenties to forties to get here.
At the end of the 1970s, probably during the summer vacation of 1978 (because I was a faculty member), I was 31 years old, and I am still in Tokyo, but I had been working on a research application treatise at the T Institute. It wasn't because I wanted to win a prize, but because I wanted to confirm my challenges. The content is what a sentence is in a language, so I tried to put together something like the preparatory stage of what I am currently thinking. The method tried to use the set theory of mathematics and the foundations of mathematics. In conclusion, as soon as I started writing, I was convinced that I couldn't write what I was aiming for in the accumulation at that time, and this plan was abandoned. By the way, in Europe and the United States, foundations of mathematics is positioned as a division of logic rather than a division of mathematics. I think that is better too.
1.6
Why did you cancel at this time? Of course, I have little knowledge of language and mathematics, and my ability is low, so I will list other things.
# 1 I tried to mainly use the set theory of mathematics, but the results of mathematics in that field at that time alone could not handle (probably) complex language situations.
# 2 Foundations of mathematics follows the development of logic, and it is not possible to approach the roots of the language itself (at that time).
# 3 The whole language is vast, and I'm not sure where to focus on the language.
Was the main reason for the cancellation.
1.7
I returned to college in 1979 at the age of 32 and reunited with Eiichi Chino in linguistics (I first met in 1969 as a Russian teacher), where I mainly looked at the situation of the Prague Linguistics Circle in the 1920s. I was told in detail. Among them, the existence of Sergej Karcevskij came into me overwhelmingly. He pointed out the duality of language, which Chino called the only genius in his last book, The Open Door to Linguistics . Language is soft and flexible to absorb things from the outside world, but at the same time it has a strong and sturdy structure . He said that the essence of language lies in this contradictory duality. This is, broadly speaking, part of the semantics, but shelved the most important thing in the language of this meaning, as it was and still is too difficult, and elaborate simpler phonologies, etc. I went to the construction. For example, American structural linguistics since the 1950s is a typical example. After that, Chomsky's generative grammar was almost excluded from the meaning, and I searched mainly for the structure of the grammar. Edward Sapir , who was a little prominent in this history , suggested a lot. The concept is Drift . By him Language and movement, the temporal element of language, emerge . This will later be linked to the existence of Perelman in me .
After all, I didn't improve my Russian forever, but I still have a deep attachment to Russian, and I read a booklet of Russian grammar for the first time in a long time last year. Once upon a time, the grammar in Hakusuisha's Que Sais-jeu library was good, but this time Dover Publications' Brian Kemple book was concise, detailed and wonderful. It was also impressive that the author stated on page 94 as follows.
”The definitions do not pretend to be complete, or to settle points of interpretation that grammarians have been disputing for the past several hundred years.”
1.8
Despite being one of the most important of languages, meaning has always been excluded in over 100 years of linguistics. After World War II, the field of general semantics expanded temporarily in the United States and other countries, but this was a Macro thing like what role language plays in society, and eventually sociology and humankind. It will be absorbed in the study. The meaning itself was still an undeveloped field. In my case, the philosophical ones are already based on Wittgenstein's keen criticism (verification) of philosophy, and with the addition of Karcevskij, I'm almost ready. I was already thinking of advancing with Kanji and the extremely rigorous linguistics (elementary school ) of modern China centered on Kanji, so my own refinement of mathematics as a writing method became an issue.
1.9
Fortunately, from around the 1980s, the era of dramatic development in mathematics and its application to a wide range of fields has arrived. Iwanami Shoten has spent almost 30 years preparing a series of mathematics in the order of introductory, basic, and development. Kyoritsu Shuppan also traditionally had a series, so it continues to publish various modern achievements in mathematics and is still in progress. I'm now reading the "Mathematics Shine" series.
It is symbolized by a mathematician saying in a conversation, "Now we have finally accumulated the accumulation of mathematics to describe problems in various fields," but I stopped it in the 1970s. Now I can describe my problem while freely choosing abundant mathematical methods. Here Philosophy / Wittgenstein, object / Kingdom Wei and other elementary schools, purpose / Karcevskij, method / Algebraic Geometry algebraic geometry , and so on. It's in the mid-1980s.
1.10 In
1986, after finishing my university research student, I quit my faculty, created a library, and was able to concentrate on language research. Of course, the biggest thing was the understanding of the people around me. My income has dropped sharply, but I am still able to secure the minimum income with Chinese professors, history courses, Buddhist courses, Japanese language instructors, etc. In 1985, Professor A talked about a lecturer at University K. At that time, the university was endlessly grateful to me, but it was no longer the main field I was advancing.
1.11 Since
1986, I aimed at the direction of Karcevskij while reading mainly Chinese literature, Buddhist literature, etc., but when I was admitted to O General Hospital due to pneumonia in 2002, I happened to be able to think intensively. So, based on the paper of Kingdom Wei, the language, in my case, kanji, but the problem of time inherent in it is summarized in On Time Property Inherent in Characters, the nature of time inherent in language. It was. During this period, I explored the direction of my language research from a Macro perspective, which was later uploaded under the title Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language. Both of them went skiing in Hakuba, Nagano Prefecture in March 2003, and when everyone was skiing, I concentrated on myself and made the final summary. nostalgic.
Episode 1.12 is skipped, but it was around this time that I learned the depth of Buddhist literature. I read it in the Taisho Tripitaka and the complete book of Japanese Buddhism , but the literature at the end of Buddhism in India is particularly interesting, for example, the spiral structure of the world is clearly shown by the 4th and 5th centuries AD. increase. It is interesting to compare with the situation of modern biology such as DNA, but easy analogy should be avoided. Although I have a deep attachment in the early days of molecular biology derived from physics.
In Japan, I mainly read Saicho and Kukai . The impression is that Saicho is hard to read and Kukai is easy to read. Professor K of Japanese literature, which I admire, was asked by a former Soviet scholar to send Kukai's "Bunkyo Hidden Theory" and fulfilled his promise, but Professor K himself wrote in an essay that he had not read it. I did. This book has no similar books of the same period and is highly regarded as a phonology of the Tang dynasty, but it is also worth reading as a modern phonology. However, it will be difficult to read unless punctuation is struck. Now there are good books in China.
1.13
Unauthorized ・ I read the Buddhist theory of Vasubandhu in the Taisho Shinshu Daizokyo, but as a high peak of philosophy in the Orient, there is something that involuntarily corrects the collar regardless of the presence or absence of faith. I still want to read it repeatedly if I have time. From the time I entered university, my belief in starting from the Orient seems to have come to fruition.
Last year 2017 autumn, at the Tokyo National Museum, sculptor of the Kamakura period, there is a special exhibition of the Unkei, after a long time statues of Asanga and Vasubandhu was reunited. I saw it at Kofukuji Temple in Nara when I was in my thirties. There, I also reunited with the statue of Chogen , who promoted the reconstruction of Todaiji Temple . The first sight of this statue was at the Kyoto National Museum, and when I visited there was no one but me on the floor. The statue of the high priest at that time was a peaceful old priest who had finished the promotion, but when he met again last fall, the old priest felt a much more youthful and fulfilling spirit than I did. I felt my old age and the passage of time.
In addition , I remember the time when my teacher once recommended me to read through the elaborate "Sangoku Buddhist Law Densetsu Engi", a scholar of Todaiji Temple in the Kamakura period, with my two friends. This is how I became familiar with Chinese writing.
I will omit the elementary school in modern China for now.
2. Why is linguistic research so attractive, and why there are developments and applications from it?
2.1
Base is my theory lover. When I was in high school, I was most attracted to theoretical physics. In my case, it is not the direction of Hideki Yukawa's discovery of mesons, but Shinichiro Tomonaga's super-multi-time theory.Was the one. The whole picture is quite difficult, but if you have knowledge of calculus and differential equations, it is quite difficult. I later organized it myself and summarized the temporality of the language. Suggested by Wang Guowei and Sapir. Considering now, it seems that the transition from theoretical physics to language was quite inevitable. During this time, it was a great harvest to notice the existence of a clear physicist named Dirac. Yoichiro Nambu, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics last year and died, wrote about this Englishman in his essay.
2.2
Along with this theory lover, I also liked the philosophical direction of seeking the root. It was ambiguous in high school, but later in the 1970s, in my late twenties, Wittgenstein's translations came out one after another, and while reading them, he took a fundamental look at the legacy of philosophy. In consideration, philosophical ambiguity should be avoided and we have begun to seek a different direction. As a result, mathematics seemed to be the most effective. I've loved mathematics since high school, and when I was in my third year trying to find a solution to the movement of physics, the most effective was the differential equation, but I couldn't solve it at the level of high 3 calculus. It was impressive that I thought that I would not be after college.
2.3 In my
twenties, I was studying mathematics little by little while working as a teacher. Here in Kanda, the French math group BourbakiMeet This set the direction for my mathematics after that. Bourbaki's intent was that anyone could go from a clear and concise starting point to the pinnacle of complex modern mathematics, but instead of being precise, it was enormous, and I studied in detail while looking sideways at its existence. Continued.
As
mentioned in 2.4 1.7 , from 1986 to 2003, we had Wittgenstein, Wang Guowei, Karcevskij, and Algebraic Geometry, so we were finally ready to move. The appeal of this research is that a. No matter what you do, it will never be completed , in short , it is infinite . I'm not very interested in finite things. In terms of content, b. Language is a great tool for humans, but it is also an elaborate and often misleading annoyance. Liar's paradox, or self-referenced self-reference, are examples. Wittgenstein describes such a situation in detail. Moreover, c. The meaning of the language is an impregnable lone castle that has been given up for almost 100 years .
in short, Infinite, refined, impregnable if aligned three and, climbers aiming to unexplored peak would be almost the same as that. Someone said, why climb a mountain , because there is a mountain there, is an eternal saying.
2.5
My position is as above, but I usually hardly think about whether there is any development or application in the real world from there, but if I force it, I can think of one thing now. ..
It is a medical application. I don't do that much, but I think that only the theoretical direction is mathematically possible at this stage, and I'm not mainly aiming for application for that, but now in progress. My Site, Geometrization Language in, Preparatory genre is it that the (preliminary). Geometrization Language means something like " geometric language ".
2.6
First, we need to briefly show what geometry is. In 1980, Thurston predicts that a three-dimensional closed manifold will decompose into eight types of geometric structures.Was submitted. In the early 1980s Hamilton is this expected to be formulated as a kind of equation , Perelman from 2002 to 2003 was finally settled. To be more concise, 3D figures can be classified into 8 types, and their formulation is possible.
2.7 From
here on, it's my reasoning. In the field of medicine, various iconographic image analyzes are now performed and used to identify diseases and the stage of disease progression. The judgment of this analysis depends on the visual inspection of the doctor, but as the images are diversified and the amount is enormous, nowadays, they are classified by statistical processing and divided into several types in detail. It seems that the decision has come to be made. If it becomes possible to classify this statistical accumulation by geometry , the iconography will be mathematically formulated and the formula will be translated into natural language, so that the iconographic analysis will be precise and accurate. Will be something that can be shared with .
2.8 As I
mentioned earlier , I am not doing language research for such applications. As shown in 2.4 I'm just one mountaineer who has a longing for unexplored peaks. I just made a small Base Camp far below Takamine . There are probably countless such mountaineers in the world. But all these comparisons and patrols disappear when you see the unexplored peaks towering in the blue sky. Because there is a mountain there.
2.9
Let's hurry to the immediate conclusion. I am thinking of incorporating the icons shown in 2.6, 2.7, etc. into the domain of language. Emoji Emoji is also included, and LATEX is also included. I call this area of language Broad Language, a broad language for me. This includes the Egyptian hieroglyph and the ancient Chinese hieroglyph , the oracle bone script Jaguwen . But my field is not semiotics that was popular for a while. I think Semiotics is a fertile Hirono, but the method is not clear. I will refrain from detailing it for now.
With this in mind, you can imagine how important the ancient Chinese oracle bone script after 1400 BC is. Kanji is an existing character system that has inherited the ancient hieroglyphs from ancient times without interruption, and is an important field of language. I first studied this kanji.
2.10
Can you see the development of my language research? The meaning of language is clearly expressed in mathematics as a geometric figure including temporal changes. However, I have hardly thought about such development. I just start walking with less luggage to build the next Base Camp. To climb high, you should have less luggage. Kanji and math are enough for my luggage . To prevent oxygen deficiency , you will sometimes need Chinese elementary school and Chinese translation Buddhist texts, Duan Yucai, Wang Guowei, Zhang Binglin, Taisho Shinshu Daizokyo, and Nihon Daizokyo . The Linguistic Circle of Prague in the 1920s remains a great source of energy supplementation . I don't know how close you can get to the unexplored peak. That's no longer what I ask.
Since this essay was written with a focus on memory, there may be some memory differences in small years. I'm also not sure if it answers the question. That point is
Please forgive me. When I wrote this, I remembered the words written in the book by a Buddhist teacher in Kyoto. When the teacher talked about Buddhism in Tibet at night while surrounding a bonfire, the Buddhist monks uttered sutras based on their memories, but the teacher studied based on the literature on the desk. He said he couldn't respond quickly because he was doing it. It also showed a sincere attitude towards Buddhism and was struck by the depth of faith and scholarship.
Please stay healthy.
Cordially
5 February 2018
TANAKA Akio
-------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
References for Letter to Y. Of Broad language
TANAKA Akio
1. From definition of language to the decision of direction for research on language 1.1 1. Presupposition on Natural Language
1. Language is variable. If it be true, what is the base of variability?
2. Language is pronounceable. If it be true, what is emerged by pronounced?
3. Language is recordable. If it be true, what is emerged by recorded?
4. Example.
An apple is variable and will be rotten by time proceeding.
An apple is pronounced at a glossary shop and will be bought by a homemaker.
An apple is recordable and will be recorded in a photo.
5. What distinguishes language from apple? The answer is uncertain. So I make the language models parting from natural language.
Reference
For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig / Position of Language / 10 December 2005-3 August 2012
22 August 2012
Sekinan Research Field of Language
2. Sayama Assumption on Language 3. Description 1.2 1. Inspiration The Time of Quantum In August 2003, I went to Hakuba in Nagano prefecture for the summer vacation with my family. At that time I had been thinking on the form of language for which I wrote the paper,
That connects with time inherent in characters, in March 2003 also at Hakuba. At night of August 23 in cottage, I casually saw the advertising paper of electric dictionary. The paper was brought from the convenience store near the cottage in the evening. The dictionary on the paper was Seiko's English-Japanese dictionary that has additionally consultation for Chinese or French language with large scale. I vaguely considered that after this dictionaries are necessarily taken these multi-lingual way. At the time I suddenly realized that the form of language may be spherical style in which language contains all the information in itself. That was rather satisfied solution for the tough problem of language that I had been carrying in my life from my twenties.I wrote the sketch-like paper The paper was read at the international symposium of UNESCO opened in winter 2003 at Nara. In the paper, the spherical substance of language is seemed to be quantum in DELBRUCK's image-like physical world. After 5 years from the inspiration at summer of Hakuba, now I consider that spherical essence is manifold in infinite dimensional world.Now I also realize that the toughest problem of language is minutely solvable in mathematical approach that has structurally definable terms. September 29, 2008 Sekinan Research Field of Language [January 23, 2012] The title changed . The former title is “From Quantum to Manifold”. [Postscript. January 25, 2012]
On quantization of Language.
Refer to the next. Quantization of Language
1.3
1.4 1.51.6
At first I selected the firmness of language for my research target. It overlapped with the research of Chinese characters. Thought of KARCEVSKIJ fructified the quantum of language. The theory I reached is Quantum Theory for Language. The starting point of the theory was given from CHINO. I deeply appreciate him for teaching me almost all the things on language. CHINO Eiich died March 19, 2002. At age 70. December 5, 2004July 16, 2014 Added
2. Linguistic Circle of Prague 3. Edward Sapir gave me a moment to study language universals together with Sergej Karcevskij 4. Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique"
5. Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002
6. Brian Kemple. Essential Russian grammar. Dover Publications. 1993.
1.81.9
1. Max Delbluck From Physics to Biology Application to different Fields
1.13
1.Special Exhibition UNKEI The Great Master of Buddhist Sculpture 2017. Tokyo National Museum
2. Why is there attractive of language research,
and how are there developments or applications in the future
2.11.
Meaning minimum is one of the kernel concepts for the model of language universals on my study. The concept was at first thought from Roman Jakobson's semantic minimum on which I first read at his book, ESSAIS DE LINGUISTIGUE GENERALE , 1973. His concept was Yet intuitive at the linguistic study history in the latter half of the 20th century. Comparison with his concept, my definition of meaning minimum But the contents of meaning minimum is vacant. This concept shows the minimum unit of one big constructive meaning was a certain basis prepared in the learning of mathematics, especially on algebraic geometry, that is the most fantastic approach to the construction of the language model. of word. meaning minimum seems to be correspondent with element of set theory , which theory and foundations of mathematics had been my favorite mathematical basis in 1970s, my youth time. Bourbaki was always echoed around us. Grothendieck was a highest star in this world.
2.
Set theory's atomic discreteness does not match in my primary learning level. So, in my age 30s, I had sank in the philosophically intuitive thinking often referring the tradition of 1920s, especially of the Linguistic Circle of Prague. On the circle my teacher CHINO Eiichi had taught me from time to time on the campus of university or coffee shop near the station we used. CHINO had gone to the Czechoslovakia Republic from 1959 to 1967. I first met him in 1969 at his Russian class at my third year of university student. I was the age 21 and he was 37.
3.
At the age 23's 1971 spring, I graduated university and once became a high school's teacher and again returned back to university in 1979 after 8 year job of the school. At that time I thought of characters' distinctive features on Written Chinese classics. I mainly read WANG Guowei, ZHANG Binglin, DUAN Yucai, WANGYyinzhi being guided by Japanese modern scholar KANO Naoki. Expressly I had attracted to WANG Guowei and his book GuantangjilinSo I resigned school and came back to the campus where I again met with CHINO. I was age 30s and he was 50s. Besides reading these China's Qing dynasty's linguistic peaks, I had always thought on Ludwig Wittgenstein for his endless pursuit on language. He was already the big scholar at the linguistic field but I was a poor return student. But I dare to say we were colleagues for language study. He taught me the detailed and strict tradition of the linguistic Circle of Prague. He frequently talked on Sergej Karcevskij and his eminent discernment on language. In the later year's masterpiece, Janua Linguisticae Reserata , 1994, he wrote only Karcevskij as genius in the great linguists.
4.
Being led by CHINO, I again started linguistic learning on meaning that I had been interested in from my 20s but too hard to approach by my talent. This time I had Karcevskij's fine insight to meaning enough absorbing the fertile tradition of Prague, where also exist Jakobson and Mathesius. Through the learning I gradually lean to desire to write clear definitions on language. I again remembered the little learning of my 20s age's mathematics. Bourbaki, Godel, TAKEUCHI and their set theory, foundations of mathematics and that Incompleteness theorem. had learnedt mathematics little by little, inch by inch.
5.
CHINO Died in 2002 at age 70 and I became 55. The next year 2003, I wrote a short paper titled "Quantum Theory for Language". This paper was shown at a international symposium on Silk road for dealing with language from Chinese characters on linguistic I knew that Asian civilisation and history had great concern not only from Asia but also European continents. At the symposium some 400 researchers gathered in the various scholarly fields. Chinese character's agenda will be written by Europe oriented mathematics. WANG Guowei will meet with karcevskij mediated through mathematics' description. The target confronted at that time was time inherent in character s, or time in wordIn Chinese, particularly in classical written Chinese, all the characters show enough independent meaning in one character probably including even time. It was my first conjecture taught from Karcevskij and CHINO. Meaning minimum is on the boat going across to the opposite shore . This metaphor was derived from WANG Guowei's famous paper, "Yin- bu zhong suojian xiangong xianwang kao"
6.
The concept of time inevitably led to the concept of distance. In 2004, I wrote a paper titled "Distance Theory". But the paper was yet intuitive and not clear for descriptive definition. In the center of learning, always exist time that connotes finiteness and infinity. But infinity is not easily obtained without probably only loop space at the present. And again returns back to meaning minimum as the passenger of the boat named time property inherent. This time the passenger on the boat is called operad or algebraic language.
7.
After all I came back to the very dream that I had embraced since the high school days. It was a fundamental ask on language related with mathematics and physics. The root of language would be able to describe by mathematics and physics. In my mind language Is always put at the center of the pursuit that was what anyone can clearly understand. Description by mathematics, but physics why (Note 1) ?. Physics treats with substance that constructs the world in which I had desire to let language enter. It started. at Substantiality of language (References 2.2). It was my dream and probably will be so, hereafter.
References
1.
<Meaning minimum>
Cell Theory Continuation of Quantum Theory for Language / From Cell to Manifold For LEIBNIZ and JAKOBSON / Tokyo June 2, 2007
<Bourbaki>
The Time of Language Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck / January 10, 2012
2.
<CHINO Eiichi>
Fortuitous Meeting What CHINO Eiichi Taught Me in the CLass of Linguistics / Tokyo December 5, 2004
<The Linguistic Circle of Prague>
Linguistic Circle of Prague / Tokyo 13 July 2012, 19 July 2012 Added
3.
<WANG Guowei>
The Complete Works of WANG Guowei / Tokyo 24 May 2012
<Ludwig Wittgenstein>
The Time of Wittgenstein / Tokyo January 20, 2012
<Sergej Karcevskij>
Notes for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej / Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique" / Tokyo September 8, 2011
4.
<Set Theory>
Quantum Linguistics / Growth of Word Dedicated to TAKEUCHI Gaishi / Tokyo January 30, 2006
5 .
<Quantum Theory For Language>
Quantum Theory For Language Synopsis / Tokyo January 15, 2004
<Time Inherent In Characters>
On Time Property Inherent In Characters / Hakuba March 28, 2003
6.
<Distance>
Distance Theory / Tokyo May 5, 2004
< Meaning minimum and distance>
sekinanlogos / Floer Homology Language / Supersymmetric Harmonic Oscillator / Tokyo May 6, 2009
<Loop space>
sekinanmodel / Infinite Loop Space Language / Word as Infinite Loop Space / 6 December 2012
<Operad>
ifbetruezoho / Operad Meaning Theory / From Cell to Operad / 4 March 2013
7.
<Description>
sekinanmetria / Notes for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej / Description of Language / September 9, 2011
<Substantiality>
sekinanlogos / Floer Homology Language / Potential of Language / Tokyo June 16, 2009
<Amalgation>
Language, amalgation of mathematics and physics / ifbetrue 2 April 2013
Tokyo
6 April 2013
Library Sekinan
References 2
14 2014 September
1. Roger Penrose / 25 October 2012 2. Substantiality Dedicated To SAPIR Edward / 27 February 2005 3. Perhaps Return To Physics / 16 August 2014 References 3 25 July 2017 Category Theory Shows A New Approach For The further step. 1. Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002 2. Additional meaning and embedding 3. The comparison between 2003 and 2017 From Chinese character's meaning structure to Homological algebraic model of language universals
4 Reference
29 July 2017
1. Edward Sapir Gave Me A Moment To Study Language Universals Together With Sergej Karcevskij 2.2
2.3
2.42.52.62.7 2.7
2.8 1. For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig Revised Position Of Language 1 Quantization 1 Is A Cliff For Consideration Of Language. 2 Mathematical Interpretation Of Quantized Language Is Now A First Step To The Theoretical Ascent. 3 If There Is Not Mathematics, Next Conjectures Are Impossible. ( i) Difference between word and sentence --- Commutative and noncommutative ring (ii) Consideration from word to sentence --- Tomita's fundamental theorem (iii) Word's finiteness and sentence's infinity --- Property infinite and purely infinite (iv) Cyclic structure of word's meaning --- Infinite cyclic group
4 Meaning minimum 2, mirror language 3 and mirror symmetry 4 are inevitable approach to the study of language especially for language universals
5.5 Symplectic Language Theory, Floer Homology Language and Arithmetic Geometry Language are adopted as the model theory for natural language in the recent .
6 Hereinafter The Model Theory Will Be Entered To The New Concept. The Model S Of Language Universals 6 Will Be Shown By The Description Of Mathematics.
[References]
0. WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig
Theory Dictionary Writing
Theory Dictionary Person
Aim For Frame-Quantum Theory
1 . Quantized Language
Quantization of Language / Floer Homology Language
2. Meaning minimum
Structure of Meaning / Symplectic Language Theory
3. Mirror language
Mirror Symmetry on Rational Curve / Symplectic Language Theory
4. Mirror symmetry
Homology Mirror Symmetry Conjecture by KONTSEVICH / Symplectic Language Theory
5. Language universals
Generating Function / Symplectic Language Theor Y
6. Models Of Language Universals
Language Universal Models
Tokyo December 10, 2005
Tokyo November 27, 2008 Revised
Tokyo March 24, 2009 Revised
Tokyo June 27, 2009 Revised
Tokyo February 28, 2011 Revised
Tokyo August 3, 2012 Revised
Tokyo December 8, 2014 Reprinted
2. Pionee r
Bourbaki'ELEMENTS DE MATHEMATIUE Troisieme edition, 1964
Half Farewell to the Linguistic Circle of Prague and Sergej Karcevskij
Sergej Karcevskij, Soul of Language
Gift from Sergej Karcevskij
Follower of Sergej Karcevskij
For KARCEVSKIJ Sergej
Substantiality
40 years passed from I read WANG Guowei
The Days Between Von Neumann Algebra And Complex Manifold Deformation Theory
For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig Revised with Symplectic Language Theory and Floer Homology Langua ge
2.9
Read more: https://srfl-lab.webnode.com/products/letter-to-y-of-broad-language-4th-edition/
Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 4th Edition
Dear Y.,
1. From the definition of language to the direction of language research
1.1
I don't use the word "research" in Japanese very often, but here I simply use the word "language research" to think about language. Then, I think the question is the purpose of language research and the application of language research.
When it comes to what language is, in general, language is a way for humans to convey their state of mind fairly precisely . Humans are usually supposed to speak and hear. It is a so-called natural language. However, I do not define such a so-called language in my own language research on language. My research, of course, includes natural language, but it is more extensive . Moreover, in my opinion, defining a language as a natural language is only ambiguous. This is the reason why super-languages are advocated in foundations of mathematics.
1.2
Therefore, I do not call my research linguistics, and I do not use terms such as linguistics and philology in English. Because these terms are centered around natural language. In my case, it's more extensive, so I just write research on language. this A broad language, Broad Language in my terminology, which I'll discuss later.
So, I wonder if there will be any confusion if it remains undefined, but in my case, the written content (probably) tells me the situation of the language I say, so it's more ambiguous. I have decided not to use the definition. Since I mainly use mathematics, the world that is built by the axioms and theorems is the language that I show. Mathematics is often described as having a history of 5,000 years since Greece, but it has refined results over its long history. It is often used in the field of probability and statistics that this result has been verified 100 million times, so it is probably okay, but that does not guarantee that there will be any problems when verified the 101st time. ..
1.3
Mathematics is not possible without absolute guarantees. That is the proof proof. However, the word "perfect" is not commonly used. This is because Kruto Godel proved incompleteness theorem in 1928, which states that "the methods inherent in mathematics cannot be used to prove the completeness of mathematics ." The translation is now available at Iwanami Bunko, but I still don't understand the whole story. I read some kinds of proofs. From the outside, it may seem uneasy, but mathematics itself is unwavering even with these theorems.
1.4
Then, for example, in a language, I use the word distance. It would be quite difficult to define the word distance itself exactly in natural language .
Language space is also used, but defining space is still quite difficult in natural language.
Language change is often used, but where and how it changes, what is the substance if it changes, and if there is no substance, the change itself becomes meaningless. Also, when you start thinking about what changes are, you can no longer manage them . Wittgenstein's famous phrase is that "philosophy is a history of misunderstanding," but it seems that he has built something like a tower on the sand on top of the ambiguity of language.
Basically, even if you try to define a language in a language, you will have difficulty. I will omit the details, but progress has been made in the field of foundations of mathematics, especially since the 1970s. Last summer, Gaisi Takeuti, a Japanese pioneer of basic mathematics, died. I also learned a lot from him. The February issue of the Mathematics Seminar features him. It was very interesting to me.
But I'm not denying philosophy. On the contrary, I think that my foundation is derived from philosophy .
1.5
That's why I no longer write the basics of a language in a language. It's easy to say this, but in my case it took me in my twenties to forties to get here.
At the end of the 1970s, probably during the summer vacation of 1978 (because I was a faculty member), I was 31 years old, and I am still in Tokyo, but I had been working on a research application treatise at the T Institute. It wasn't because I wanted to win a prize, but because I wanted to confirm my challenges. The content is what a sentence is in a language, so I tried to put together something like the preparatory stage of what I am currently thinking. The method tried to use the set theory of mathematics and the foundations of mathematics. In conclusion, as soon as I started writing, I was convinced that I couldn't write what I was aiming for in the accumulation at that time, and this plan was abandoned. By the way, in Europe and the United States, foundations of mathematics is positioned as a division of logic rather than a division of mathematics. I think that is better too.
1.6
Why did you cancel at this time? Of course, I have little knowledge of language and mathematics, and my ability is low, so I will list other things.
# 1 I tried to mainly use the set theory of mathematics, but the results of mathematics in that field at that time alone could not handle (probably) complex language situations.
# 2 Foundations of mathematics follows the development of logic, and it is not possible to approach the roots of the language itself (at that time).
# 3 The whole language is vast, and I'm not sure where to focus on the language.
Was the main reason for the cancellation.
1.7
I returned to college in 1979 at the age of 32 and reunited with Eiichi Chino in linguistics (I first met in 1969 as a Russian teacher), where I mainly looked at the situation of the Prague Linguistics Circle in the 1920s. I was told in detail. Among them, the existence of Sergej Karcevskij came into me overwhelmingly. He pointed out the duality of language, which Chino called the only genius in his last book, The Open Door to Linguistics . Language is soft and flexible to absorb things from the outside world, but at the same time it has a strong and sturdy structure . He said that the essence of language lies in this contradictory duality. This is, broadly speaking, part of the semantics, but shelved the most important thing in the language of this meaning, as it was and still is too difficult, and elaborate simpler phonologies, etc. I went to the construction. For example, American structural linguistics since the 1950s is a typical example. After that, Chomsky's generative grammar was almost excluded from the meaning, and I searched mainly for the structure of the grammar. Edward Sapir , who was a little prominent in this history , suggested a lot. The concept is Drift . By him Language and movement, the temporal element of language, emerge . This will later be linked to the existence of Perelman in me .
After all, I didn't improve my Russian forever, but I still have a deep attachment to Russian, and I read a booklet of Russian grammar for the first time in a long time last year. Once upon a time, the grammar in Hakusuisha's Que Sais-jeu library was good, but this time Dover Publications' Brian Kemple book was concise, detailed and wonderful. It was also impressive that the author stated on page 94 as follows.
”The definitions do not pretend to be complete, or to settle points of interpretation that grammarians have been disputing for the past several hundred years.”
1.8
Despite being one of the most important of languages, meaning has always been excluded in over 100 years of linguistics. After World War II, the field of general semantics expanded temporarily in the United States and other countries, but this was a Macro thing like what role language plays in society, and eventually sociology and humankind. It will be absorbed in the study. The meaning itself was still an undeveloped field. In my case, the philosophical ones are already based on Wittgenstein's keen criticism (verification) of philosophy, and with the addition of Karcevskij, I'm almost ready. I was already thinking of advancing with Kanji and the extremely rigorous linguistics (elementary school ) of modern China centered on Kanji, so my own refinement of mathematics as a writing method became an issue.
1.9
Fortunately, from around the 1980s, the era of dramatic development in mathematics and its application to a wide range of fields has arrived. Iwanami Shoten has spent almost 30 years preparing a series of mathematics in the order of introductory, basic, and development. Kyoritsu Shuppan also traditionally had a series, so it continues to publish various modern achievements in mathematics and is still in progress. I'm now reading the "Mathematics Shine" series.
It is symbolized by a mathematician saying in a conversation, "Now we have finally accumulated the accumulation of mathematics to describe problems in various fields," but I stopped it in the 1970s. Now I can describe my problem while freely choosing abundant mathematical methods. Here Philosophy / Wittgenstein, object / Kingdom Wei and other elementary schools, purpose / Karcevskij, method / Algebraic Geometry algebraic geometry , and so on. It's in the mid-1980s.
1.10 In
1986, after finishing my university research student, I quit my faculty, created a library, and was able to concentrate on language research. Of course, the biggest thing was the understanding of the people around me. My income has dropped sharply, but I am still able to secure the minimum income with Chinese professors, history courses, Buddhist courses, Japanese language instructors, etc. In 1985, Professor A talked about a lecturer at University K. At that time, the university was endlessly grateful to me, but it was no longer the main field I was advancing.
1.11 Since
1986, I aimed at the direction of Karcevskij while reading mainly Chinese literature, Buddhist literature, etc., but when I was admitted to O General Hospital due to pneumonia in 2002, I happened to be able to think intensively. So, based on the paper of Kingdom Wei, the language, in my case, kanji, but the problem of time inherent in it is summarized in On Time Property Inherent in Characters, the nature of time inherent in language. It was. During this period, I explored the direction of my language research from a Macro perspective, which was later uploaded under the title Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language. Both of them went skiing in Hakuba, Nagano Prefecture in March 2003, and when everyone was skiing, I concentrated on myself and made the final summary. nostalgic.
Episode 1.12 is skipped, but it was around this time that I learned the depth of Buddhist literature. I read it in the Taisho Tripitaka and the complete book of Japanese Buddhism , but the literature at the end of Buddhism in India is particularly interesting, for example, the spiral structure of the world is clearly shown by the 4th and 5th centuries AD. increase. It is interesting to compare with the situation of modern biology such as DNA, but easy analogy should be avoided. Although I have a deep attachment in the early days of molecular biology derived from physics.
In Japan, I mainly read Saicho and Kukai . The impression is that Saicho is hard to read and Kukai is easy to read. Professor K of Japanese literature, which I admire, was asked by a former Soviet scholar to send Kukai's "Bunkyo Hidden Theory" and fulfilled his promise, but Professor K himself wrote in an essay that he had not read it. I did. This book has no similar books of the same period and is highly regarded as a phonology of the Tang dynasty, but it is also worth reading as a modern phonology. However, it will be difficult to read unless punctuation is struck. Now there are good books in China.
1.13
Unauthorized ・ I read the Buddhist theory of Vasubandhu in the Taisho Shinshu Daizokyo, but as a high peak of philosophy in the Orient, there is something that involuntarily corrects the collar regardless of the presence or absence of faith. I still want to read it repeatedly if I have time. From the time I entered university, my belief in starting from the Orient seems to have come to fruition.
Last year 2017 autumn, at the Tokyo National Museum, sculptor of the Kamakura period, there is a special exhibition of the Unkei, after a long time statues of Asanga and Vasubandhu was reunited. I saw it at Kofukuji Temple in Nara when I was in my thirties. There, I also reunited with the statue of Chogen , who promoted the reconstruction of Todaiji Temple . The first sight of this statue was at the Kyoto National Museum, and when I visited there was no one but me on the floor. The statue of the high priest at that time was a peaceful old priest who had finished the promotion, but when he met again last fall, the old priest felt a much more youthful and fulfilling spirit than I did. I felt my old age and the passage of time.
In addition , I remember the time when my teacher once recommended me to read through the elaborate "Sangoku Buddhist Law Densetsu Engi", a scholar of Todaiji Temple in the Kamakura period, with my two friends. This is how I became familiar with Chinese writing.
I will omit the elementary school in modern China for now.
2. Why is linguistic research so attractive, and why there are developments and applications from it?
2.1
Base is my theory lover. When I was in high school, I was most attracted to theoretical physics. In my case, it is not the direction of Hideki Yukawa's discovery of mesons, but Shinichiro Tomonaga's super-multi-time theory.Was the one. The whole picture is quite difficult, but if you have knowledge of calculus and differential equations, it is quite difficult. I later organized it myself and summarized the temporality of the language. Suggested by Wang Guowei and Sapir. Considering now, it seems that the transition from theoretical physics to language was quite inevitable. During this time, it was a great harvest to notice the existence of a clear physicist named Dirac. Yoichiro Nambu, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics last year and died, wrote about this Englishman in his essay.
2.2
Along with this theory lover, I also liked the philosophical direction of seeking the root. It was ambiguous in high school, but later in the 1970s, in my late twenties, Wittgenstein's translations came out one after another, and while reading them, he took a fundamental look at the legacy of philosophy. In consideration, philosophical ambiguity should be avoided and we have begun to seek a different direction. As a result, mathematics seemed to be the most effective. I've loved mathematics since high school, and when I was in my third year trying to find a solution to the movement of physics, the most effective was the differential equation, but I couldn't solve it at the level of high 3 calculus. It was impressive that I thought that I would not be after college.
2.3 In my
twenties, I was studying mathematics little by little while working as a teacher. Here in Kanda, the French math group BourbakiMeet This set the direction for my mathematics after that. Bourbaki's intent was that anyone could go from a clear and concise starting point to the pinnacle of complex modern mathematics, but instead of being precise, it was enormous, and I studied in detail while looking sideways at its existence. Continued.
As
mentioned in 2.4 1.7 , from 1986 to 2003, we had Wittgenstein, Wang Guowei, Karcevskij, and Algebraic Geometry, so we were finally ready to move. The appeal of this research is that a. No matter what you do, it will never be completed , in short , it is infinite . I'm not very interested in finite things. In terms of content, b. Language is a great tool for humans, but it is also an elaborate and often misleading annoyance. Liar's paradox, or self-referenced self-reference, are examples. Wittgenstein describes such a situation in detail. Moreover, c. The meaning of the language is an impregnable lone castle that has been given up for almost 100 years .
in short, Infinite, refined, impregnable if aligned three and, climbers aiming to unexplored peak would be almost the same as that. Someone said, why climb a mountain , because there is a mountain there, is an eternal saying.
2.5
My position is as above, but I usually hardly think about whether there is any development or application in the real world from there, but if I force it, I can think of one thing now. ..
It is a medical application. I don't do that much, but I think that only the theoretical direction is mathematically possible at this stage, and I'm not mainly aiming for application for that, but now in progress. My Site, Geometrization Language in, Preparatory genre is it that the (preliminary). Geometrization Language means something like " geometric language ".
2.6
First, we need to briefly show what geometry is. In 1980, Thurston predicts that a three-dimensional closed manifold will decompose into eight types of geometric structures.Was submitted. In the early 1980s Hamilton is this expected to be formulated as a kind of equation , Perelman from 2002 to 2003 was finally settled. To be more concise, 3D figures can be classified into 8 types, and their formulation is possible.
2.7 From
here on, it's my reasoning. In the field of medicine, various iconographic image analyzes are now performed and used to identify diseases and the stage of disease progression. The judgment of this analysis depends on the visual inspection of the doctor, but as the images are diversified and the amount is enormous, nowadays, they are classified by statistical processing and divided into several types in detail. It seems that the decision has come to be made. If it becomes possible to classify this statistical accumulation by geometry , the iconography will be mathematically formulated and the formula will be translated into natural language, so that the iconographic analysis will be precise and accurate. Will be something that can be shared with .
2.8 As I
mentioned earlier , I am not doing language research for such applications. As shown in 2.4 I'm just one mountaineer who has a longing for unexplored peaks. I just made a small Base Camp far below Takamine . There are probably countless such mountaineers in the world. But all these comparisons and patrols disappear when you see the unexplored peaks towering in the blue sky. Because there is a mountain there.
2.9
Let's hurry to the immediate conclusion. I am thinking of incorporating the icons shown in 2.6, 2.7, etc. into the domain of language. Emoji Emoji is also included, and LATEX is also included. I call this area of language Broad Language, a broad language for me. This includes the Egyptian hieroglyph and the ancient Chinese hieroglyph , the oracle bone script Jaguwen . But my field is not semiotics that was popular for a while. I think Semiotics is a fertile Hirono, but the method is not clear. I will refrain from detailing it for now.
With this in mind, you can imagine how important the ancient Chinese oracle bone script after 1400 BC is. Kanji is an existing character system that has inherited the ancient hieroglyphs from ancient times without interruption, and is an important field of language. I first studied this kanji.
2.10
Can you see the development of my language research? The meaning of language is clearly expressed in mathematics as a geometric figure including temporal changes. However, I have hardly thought about such development. I just start walking with less luggage to build the next Base Camp. To climb high, you should have less luggage. Kanji and math are enough for my luggage . To prevent oxygen deficiency , you will sometimes need Chinese elementary school and Chinese translation Buddhist texts, Duan Yucai, Wang Guowei, Zhang Binglin, Taisho Shinshu Daizokyo, and Nihon Daizokyo . The Linguistic Circle of Prague in the 1920s remains a great source of energy supplementation . I don't know how close you can get to the unexplored peak. That's no longer what I ask.
Since this essay was written with a focus on memory, there may be some memory differences in small years. I'm also not sure if it answers the question. That point is
Please forgive me. When I wrote this, I remembered the words written in the book by a Buddhist teacher in Kyoto. When the teacher talked about Buddhism in Tibet at night while surrounding a bonfire, the Buddhist monks uttered sutras based on their memories, but the teacher studied based on the literature on the desk. He said he couldn't respond quickly because he was doing it. It also showed a sincere attitude towards Buddhism and was struck by the depth of faith and scholarship.
Please stay healthy.
Cordially
5 February 2018
TANAKA Akio
-------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
References for Letter to Y. Of Broad language
TANAKA Akio
1. From definition of language to the decision of direction for research on language 1.1 1. Presupposition on Natural Language
1. Language is variable. If it be true, what is the base of variability?
2. Language is pronounceable. If it be true, what is emerged by pronounced?
3. Language is recordable. If it be true, what is emerged by recorded?
4. Example.
An apple is variable and will be rotten by time proceeding.
An apple is pronounced at a glossary shop and will be bought by a homemaker.
An apple is recordable and will be recorded in a photo.
5. What distinguishes language from apple? The answer is uncertain. So I make the language models parting from natural language.
Reference
For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig / Position of Language / 10 December 2005-3 August 2012
22 August 2012
Sekinan Research Field of Language
2. Sayama Assumption on Language 3. Description 1.2 1. Inspiration The Time of Quantum In August 2003, I went to Hakuba in Nagano prefecture for the summer vacation with my family. At that time I had been thinking on the form of language for which I wrote the paper,
That connects with time inherent in characters, in March 2003 also at Hakuba. At night of August 23 in cottage, I casually saw the advertising paper of electric dictionary. The paper was brought from the convenience store near the cottage in the evening. The dictionary on the paper was Seiko's English-Japanese dictionary that has additionally consultation for Chinese or French language with large scale. I vaguely considered that after this dictionaries are necessarily taken these multi-lingual way. At the time I suddenly realized that the form of language may be spherical style in which language contains all the information in itself. That was rather satisfied solution for the tough problem of language that I had been carrying in my life from my twenties.I wrote the sketch-like paper The paper was read at the international symposium of UNESCO opened in winter 2003 at Nara. In the paper, the spherical substance of language is seemed to be quantum in DELBRUCK's image-like physical world. After 5 years from the inspiration at summer of Hakuba, now I consider that spherical essence is manifold in infinite dimensional world.Now I also realize that the toughest problem of language is minutely solvable in mathematical approach that has structurally definable terms. September 29, 2008 Sekinan Research Field of Language [January 23, 2012] The title changed . The former title is “From Quantum to Manifold”. [Postscript. January 25, 2012]
On quantization of Language.
Refer to the next. Quantization of Language
1.3
1.4 1.51.6
- Bourbaki'ELEMENTS DE MATHEMATIUE
- THEORIE DES ENSEMBLES
- F ascicule de resiltats Troisieme edition, 1964
At first I selected the firmness of language for my research target. It overlapped with the research of Chinese characters. Thought of KARCEVSKIJ fructified the quantum of language. The theory I reached is Quantum Theory for Language. The starting point of the theory was given from CHINO. I deeply appreciate him for teaching me almost all the things on language. CHINO Eiich died March 19, 2002. At age 70. December 5, 2004July 16, 2014 Added
2. Linguistic Circle of Prague 3. Edward Sapir gave me a moment to study language universals together with Sergej Karcevskij 4. Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique"
5. Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002
6. Brian Kemple. Essential Russian grammar. Dover Publications. 1993.
1.81.9
- For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig Revised Position of Language
- Essay on WANG Guowei
- The Complete Works of WANG Guowei Revised
- For WANG Guowei A Letter
- Being led by Karcevskij's conjecture
- The Days of von Neumann Algebra
- The days between von Neumann Algebra and Complex Manifold Deformation Theory
- Bridge between mathematics and physics / Revised
- On Time Property Inherent in Characters
- Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language
- Quantum Theory for Language
- Quantum Language between Quantum Theory for Language 2004 and Generation of Word 2008 adding their days and after A conclusion for the present on early papers of Sekinan Library
1. Max Delbluck From Physics to Biology Application to different Fields
1.13
1.Special Exhibition UNKEI The Great Master of Buddhist Sculpture 2017. Tokyo National Museum
2. Why is there attractive of language research,
and how are there developments or applications in the future
2.11.
Meaning minimum is one of the kernel concepts for the model of language universals on my study. The concept was at first thought from Roman Jakobson's semantic minimum on which I first read at his book, ESSAIS DE LINGUISTIGUE GENERALE , 1973. His concept was Yet intuitive at the linguistic study history in the latter half of the 20th century. Comparison with his concept, my definition of meaning minimum But the contents of meaning minimum is vacant. This concept shows the minimum unit of one big constructive meaning was a certain basis prepared in the learning of mathematics, especially on algebraic geometry, that is the most fantastic approach to the construction of the language model. of word. meaning minimum seems to be correspondent with element of set theory , which theory and foundations of mathematics had been my favorite mathematical basis in 1970s, my youth time. Bourbaki was always echoed around us. Grothendieck was a highest star in this world.
2.
Set theory's atomic discreteness does not match in my primary learning level. So, in my age 30s, I had sank in the philosophically intuitive thinking often referring the tradition of 1920s, especially of the Linguistic Circle of Prague. On the circle my teacher CHINO Eiichi had taught me from time to time on the campus of university or coffee shop near the station we used. CHINO had gone to the Czechoslovakia Republic from 1959 to 1967. I first met him in 1969 at his Russian class at my third year of university student. I was the age 21 and he was 37.
3.
At the age 23's 1971 spring, I graduated university and once became a high school's teacher and again returned back to university in 1979 after 8 year job of the school. At that time I thought of characters' distinctive features on Written Chinese classics. I mainly read WANG Guowei, ZHANG Binglin, DUAN Yucai, WANGYyinzhi being guided by Japanese modern scholar KANO Naoki. Expressly I had attracted to WANG Guowei and his book GuantangjilinSo I resigned school and came back to the campus where I again met with CHINO. I was age 30s and he was 50s. Besides reading these China's Qing dynasty's linguistic peaks, I had always thought on Ludwig Wittgenstein for his endless pursuit on language. He was already the big scholar at the linguistic field but I was a poor return student. But I dare to say we were colleagues for language study. He taught me the detailed and strict tradition of the linguistic Circle of Prague. He frequently talked on Sergej Karcevskij and his eminent discernment on language. In the later year's masterpiece, Janua Linguisticae Reserata , 1994, he wrote only Karcevskij as genius in the great linguists.
4.
Being led by CHINO, I again started linguistic learning on meaning that I had been interested in from my 20s but too hard to approach by my talent. This time I had Karcevskij's fine insight to meaning enough absorbing the fertile tradition of Prague, where also exist Jakobson and Mathesius. Through the learning I gradually lean to desire to write clear definitions on language. I again remembered the little learning of my 20s age's mathematics. Bourbaki, Godel, TAKEUCHI and their set theory, foundations of mathematics and that Incompleteness theorem. had learnedt mathematics little by little, inch by inch.
5.
CHINO Died in 2002 at age 70 and I became 55. The next year 2003, I wrote a short paper titled "Quantum Theory for Language". This paper was shown at a international symposium on Silk road for dealing with language from Chinese characters on linguistic I knew that Asian civilisation and history had great concern not only from Asia but also European continents. At the symposium some 400 researchers gathered in the various scholarly fields. Chinese character's agenda will be written by Europe oriented mathematics. WANG Guowei will meet with karcevskij mediated through mathematics' description. The target confronted at that time was time inherent in character s, or time in wordIn Chinese, particularly in classical written Chinese, all the characters show enough independent meaning in one character probably including even time. It was my first conjecture taught from Karcevskij and CHINO. Meaning minimum is on the boat going across to the opposite shore . This metaphor was derived from WANG Guowei's famous paper, "Yin- bu zhong suojian xiangong xianwang kao"
6.
The concept of time inevitably led to the concept of distance. In 2004, I wrote a paper titled "Distance Theory". But the paper was yet intuitive and not clear for descriptive definition. In the center of learning, always exist time that connotes finiteness and infinity. But infinity is not easily obtained without probably only loop space at the present. And again returns back to meaning minimum as the passenger of the boat named time property inherent. This time the passenger on the boat is called operad or algebraic language.
7.
After all I came back to the very dream that I had embraced since the high school days. It was a fundamental ask on language related with mathematics and physics. The root of language would be able to describe by mathematics and physics. In my mind language Is always put at the center of the pursuit that was what anyone can clearly understand. Description by mathematics, but physics why (Note 1) ?. Physics treats with substance that constructs the world in which I had desire to let language enter. It started. at Substantiality of language (References 2.2). It was my dream and probably will be so, hereafter.
References
1.
<Meaning minimum>
Cell Theory Continuation of Quantum Theory for Language / From Cell to Manifold For LEIBNIZ and JAKOBSON / Tokyo June 2, 2007
<Bourbaki>
The Time of Language Ode to The Early Bourbaki To Grothendieck / January 10, 2012
2.
<CHINO Eiichi>
Fortuitous Meeting What CHINO Eiichi Taught Me in the CLass of Linguistics / Tokyo December 5, 2004
<The Linguistic Circle of Prague>
Linguistic Circle of Prague / Tokyo 13 July 2012, 19 July 2012 Added
3.
<WANG Guowei>
The Complete Works of WANG Guowei / Tokyo 24 May 2012
<Ludwig Wittgenstein>
The Time of Wittgenstein / Tokyo January 20, 2012
<Sergej Karcevskij>
Notes for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej / Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique" / Tokyo September 8, 2011
4.
<Set Theory>
Quantum Linguistics / Growth of Word Dedicated to TAKEUCHI Gaishi / Tokyo January 30, 2006
5 .
<Quantum Theory For Language>
Quantum Theory For Language Synopsis / Tokyo January 15, 2004
<Time Inherent In Characters>
On Time Property Inherent In Characters / Hakuba March 28, 2003
6.
<Distance>
Distance Theory / Tokyo May 5, 2004
< Meaning minimum and distance>
sekinanlogos / Floer Homology Language / Supersymmetric Harmonic Oscillator / Tokyo May 6, 2009
<Loop space>
sekinanmodel / Infinite Loop Space Language / Word as Infinite Loop Space / 6 December 2012
<Operad>
ifbetruezoho / Operad Meaning Theory / From Cell to Operad / 4 March 2013
7.
<Description>
sekinanmetria / Notes for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej / Description of Language / September 9, 2011
<Substantiality>
sekinanlogos / Floer Homology Language / Potential of Language / Tokyo June 16, 2009
<Amalgation>
Language, amalgation of mathematics and physics / ifbetrue 2 April 2013
Tokyo
6 April 2013
Library Sekinan
References 2
14 2014 September
1. Roger Penrose / 25 October 2012 2. Substantiality Dedicated To SAPIR Edward / 27 February 2005 3. Perhaps Return To Physics / 16 August 2014 References 3 25 July 2017 Category Theory Shows A New Approach For The further step. 1. Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002 2. Additional meaning and embedding 3. The comparison between 2003 and 2017 From Chinese character's meaning structure to Homological algebraic model of language universals
4 Reference
29 July 2017
1. Edward Sapir Gave Me A Moment To Study Language Universals Together With Sergej Karcevskij 2.2
- Perhaps Return to Physics
- Thanks to physics about which I ever dreamt in my future
- TOMONAGA's Super Multi-time Theory
2.3
2.42.52.62.7 2.7
2.8 1. For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig Revised Position Of Language 1 Quantization 1 Is A Cliff For Consideration Of Language. 2 Mathematical Interpretation Of Quantized Language Is Now A First Step To The Theoretical Ascent. 3 If There Is Not Mathematics, Next Conjectures Are Impossible. ( i) Difference between word and sentence --- Commutative and noncommutative ring (ii) Consideration from word to sentence --- Tomita's fundamental theorem (iii) Word's finiteness and sentence's infinity --- Property infinite and purely infinite (iv) Cyclic structure of word's meaning --- Infinite cyclic group
4 Meaning minimum 2, mirror language 3 and mirror symmetry 4 are inevitable approach to the study of language especially for language universals
5.5 Symplectic Language Theory, Floer Homology Language and Arithmetic Geometry Language are adopted as the model theory for natural language in the recent .
6 Hereinafter The Model Theory Will Be Entered To The New Concept. The Model S Of Language Universals 6 Will Be Shown By The Description Of Mathematics.
[References]
0. WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig
Theory Dictionary Writing
Theory Dictionary Person
Aim For Frame-Quantum Theory
1 . Quantized Language
Quantization of Language / Floer Homology Language
2. Meaning minimum
Structure of Meaning / Symplectic Language Theory
3. Mirror language
Mirror Symmetry on Rational Curve / Symplectic Language Theory
4. Mirror symmetry
Homology Mirror Symmetry Conjecture by KONTSEVICH / Symplectic Language Theory
5. Language universals
Generating Function / Symplectic Language Theor Y
6. Models Of Language Universals
Language Universal Models
Tokyo December 10, 2005
Tokyo November 27, 2008 Revised
Tokyo March 24, 2009 Revised
Tokyo June 27, 2009 Revised
Tokyo February 28, 2011 Revised
Tokyo August 3, 2012 Revised
Tokyo December 8, 2014 Reprinted
2. Pionee r
- Boutbaki, Nicolas
Bourbaki'ELEMENTS DE MATHEMATIUE Troisieme edition, 1964
- Karlgren, Bernhard
- Karcevskij, Sergej
Half Farewell to the Linguistic Circle of Prague and Sergej Karcevskij
Sergej Karcevskij, Soul of Language
Gift from Sergej Karcevskij
Follower of Sergej Karcevskij
For KARCEVSKIJ Sergej
- Jakobson, Roman
- Sapir, Edward
Substantiality
- Saussure, Ferdinand de
- WANG Guowei
40 years passed from I read WANG Guowei
- von Neumann
The Days Between Von Neumann Algebra And Complex Manifold Deformation Theory
- Wittgenstein, Ludwig
For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig Revised with Symplectic Language Theory and Floer Homology Langua ge
2.9
- Essence of Language
- The Days of Decipherment
- The Days of Ideogram Ideogram from hieroglyph to LATEX Symbol Lis t
- The comparison between 2003 and 2017 From Chinese character's meaning structure to Homological algebraic model of language universals
Read more: https://srfl-lab.webnode.com/products/letter-to-y-of-broad-language-4th-edition/
Read more: https://srfl-paper.webnode.com/news/letter-to-y-of-broad-language-4th-edition-5-february-2018-by-google-translation/
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