Tuesday, 24 March 2020

Farewell to language universals. Letter to WPM. Along the ridges of the mountains. On Aurora Theory. 6th Edition. 11 December 2019


Farewell to language universals.
Letter to WPM. Along the ridges of the mountains.
On Aurora Theory. 6th Edition.
11 December 2019

Why climb mountain.
Climb for existence.
MIYATA Hachiro
Mountain photographer, Japan
– 2018

Letter to WPM  
Along the ridges of the mountains
On Aurora Theory


Dear WPM,

Thanks a lot for RTs and probably for your lasting love on language.
Now I am uploading Aurora Theory 2006 and its relevant papers to WordPress.
At this occasion, I will write some memories on Aurora Theory.

1

In August 2003, I stayed at Hakuba, Nagano, Japan, where Japan North Alps can be seen under the cerulean sky. I love the place for long time. Nagano is the place father and mother was born and grew up. So I also visited time to time, especially summer seasons escaping the heat at Tokyo. Ancestors’ land is the east from Hakuba over the one mountain range where Chikuma River flows north to Niigata area at where I enjoyed fishing in child days.
At that summer I would write over a paper to send a certain  international symposium’s secretariat to announce a theory in December 2003 at Nara, old capital of Japan in early 700s A.D.
But the theory was deadlocked at the minimal unit of language, which form cannot be seen in my mind.

One night I took a walk to renew my mind and dropped in a only-one-light-upped convenience store.
In the store I saw a leaflet of electric device. This was a opportunity to solve a question of the paper.
At that time, quantum was definitely put in my mind succeeding a manuscript written also at Hakuba’ s hotel in March 2003.

2

But precise mathematical definition of quantum was not uncertain at that point in summer 2003.
Clear description of mathematical quantum was waited till 2008.



3

Aurora theory and Aurora Time Theory was written in 2006 at the premonition of quantum’s transcendentality for its  flexibility and freedom through Time in Language.

Thus the first, the second, the forth papers of Aurora Theory was presented at my Web in 2006.

4  Added from 2nd Edition

For quantum’s transcendentality on time in language, refer to the next papers.
Aurora Theory
Aurora Time Theory

5  Added from 3rd Edition

It maybe that time contained in language is thought suspiciously. In Japan, of course in China, Chinese character is used till now, at least historically from Yin Dynasty, some 2400 years ago.
Chinese character is one of ideograms, but almost of which are not used in the Occident at present day by various reasons, such as not-easy to writing, typically hieroglyph at old Egypt.
It is not so questionable that these ideograms has time or time-like function in their forms at the Orient, for example, China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and so forth, because of ever using Chinese characters for written language.
Fortunately we can now verify through Chinese characters that they contain time in themselves or not.
But almost Westerner do not use ideograms now. So I wrote several papers to mainly Westerners taking broad sense of ideograms, for example picture, pictograph, LATEX and so forth.

One question.
Do you think that picture contains time in it?
Now my relevant papers are arranged and titled to Ideogram Paper.
Refer to the next.
Ideogram Paper
1. On Time Property Inherent in Characters 2003
2. Ideogram 2005
3. Egyptian Hieroglyph Exhibition, Journey through the Afterlife Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead by The British Museum 2012
4. ONO Shinobu and Bernhard Karlgren 2015
5. Essence of Language 2016
6. The Days of Decipherment 2016
7. ​The Days of Ideogram 2017
8. The Days of Ideogram Note added Edition 2017
9. The comparison between 2003 and 2017
From Chinese character’s meaning structure to Homological algebraic model of language universals 2017 
10. Time and Shape of Language from How is the time alive in language 2017
11. Connection between early paper’s quantum and recent paper’s geometry 7th edition 2017
12. Letter to Y. Of the century of language 2018
13.  Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 4th edition 2018
14. Determination of the concept, Broad Language 2018
15. Ars longa　Seeing Masterpieces of French Landscape Paintings from the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow 2018
16.Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 4th Text revised edition With Note 2019
[Addition]
The upper Ideogram Paper is now  placed at the basis of a new theory for me, titled Quantum-Nerve Theory.
Refer to the next.
Quantum-Nerve Theory With References 2019
Added Note of The Days of Ideogram 2019

6  Added from 3rd Edition

Now above 16 papers, I present one invitational paper titled The Days of Ideogram 2017.
 

The Days of Ideogram ​​​Ideogram from hieroglyph to LATEX Symbol List Note added Edition
​The Days of Ideogram
​​​Ideogram from hieroglyph to LATEX Symbol List

Mark * in the text shows Reference number.

1. Ideogram
Ideogram has long history.
In the early paper I ever simply defined ideogram*0-1.
I also wrote relative papers on ideogram from the viewpoint of Chinese characters*3-1, 3-2, 3-3. 
Especially Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language 2003 is a starting root of my  research on language universals*3-2.
The history of ideogram continues from Egyptian hieroglyph to Chinese character and now adds LATEX Symbol List*6-1.
The 21st century will necessarily become the century of ideogram.
The reasons are below.
  1. Ideogram can contain rich information in small space. 
  2. Ideogram can show information at a glance.
  3. Ideogram can sustain information stably in long time*1-7.
  4. ​Ideogram has fertile capability to superb diversity of languages*8-5. 

2. Set theory
Probably in summer 1977, I was  designing for a paper on the sentence in language. The central part of the paper was connection between words or sentence, in which the logic of  language would be shown using the set theory as a simplified model of true and false. I was strongly influenced from Kurt Godel, Gaishi Takeuchi and Bourbaki*1-1. But this design was abandoned for my lack of mathematical basis keeping on.

3. Qing dynasty’s linguistics
In 1980s and 1990s I was lost in learning Chinese classical character theory, Xiaoxue, especially Qing dynasty for ideogram’s fundamental property*2-1. At this period I did not write any paper on language. I solely read WANG Guowei*1-2, WANG Yinzhi, DUAN Yucai and Qing dynasty’s linguists.

4. Time property in characters
In Autumn 2002 I got pneumonia and was hospitalized about 2 weeks, where I thought of 1970s’ dream, writing clear description on language universals by mathematics. The theme was as hard as ever. So, at the bed I thought the basis of language from a side of Chinese character’s classical approach which had vast heritage till Qing dynasty. I directed my attention to the character’s figure which had compound meanings containing time elements continuing from Yin dynasty’s hieroglyphic characters left on bones and tortoise carapaces some 2400 years ago. I thought that Chinese characters had containing time and its structure could be written by geometric approach once I had abandoned for difficulty. After leaving hospital, I wrote a paper titled On Time Property Inherent in Characters*3-1.  

5. Quantum elements 
In 2003 staying at Hakuba, Nagano, I wrote a rial paper on language universals from the viewpoint of physics. This was remained manuscript till now. The title was Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language*3-2 for the time being. Because in summer 2003 I wrote the first paper on language universals from physics titles as Quantum Theory for Language*3-3 which was read at a conference held in winter  2003 of Nara Japan. 
​
6. Finite generative
Language probably begins from finite elements and generates.*3-6, 3-7 its world responding to outer world. I learned the concept of finite generative from von Neumann Algebra*4-1 at around 2006 and 2007. 


7. Structure and dimension
Language probably has structure, which details are unknown now for me. But several phenomena hints me the existence of structure containing dimension. Its example is shown at the Crete’s lie, on which I wrote a tiny paper titled as True-false problem of the Crete*3-8in 2013.
​More details on mathematical approach to dimension is shown at Algebraic Geometry Language*4-2.

8. Immanent time
Chinese character has immanent time in figure *3-1, 3-4. On the theme I wrote several papers between 2003 and 2005. Main papers related with the theme are seen in  Early Paper and Early Paper 2*5-1, 5-2.
For the immanent time, I wrote a mathematical paper titles as Word as Infinite Loop Space*3-9.
In comparison with Chinese character, hieroglyph is very fantastic object on ideogram. For more details, hieroglyph is more complex for describing the concept using two functions, logogram expressing things’ meaning  and phonogram expressing words’ pronunciation*0-2, 8-3.  
Besides hieroglyph has also definitive element which is put at the end of the word. This element is very similar to Chinese character’s meaning element which is called Pang 旁 in Chinese*8-3.
But even for learning hieroglyph’s  basis, I have not enough time now. I only like to see  the relative events on hieroglyph at time to time .  The exhibition held at Mori Arts Gallery in 2012, Tokyo titled as The British Museum ANCIENT EGYPTIAN BOOK OF THE DEAD JOURNEY THROUGH THE  AFTERLIFE *8-2 was very fantastic, in which The Greenfield Papyrus was overwhelming. 

9. Disposition, distance, flow and boundary
​For thinking of language, I have been interested in four elements, disposition, distance flow and boundary*3-10,11,12, 13,  which seem to become the basis of language.
especially at researching ideogram, disposition is fundamental to construct grammar.  

10. Energy, dimension and distance
For more further research language , now I suppose at least three elements being  based from mathematical description, which are energy, dimension and distance*3-14.

11. Mapping and category
Ideogram now has an important part in computer age. Image confirmation is very popular at internet banking system, which can contain vast information in one image, so password decoding is more difficult than phonogram or Arabic numerals.
Generally ideogram has vast information to the others using comparatively easy way.
This ideograms situation resembles mapping at category theory in mathematics. For this point I wrote rough sketch to apply category theory to language theory. Sketch name is  Derived Category Language 2016*4-3.

Appendix
Sekinan Library’s publicised papers  are shown at SRFL Paper*7-1.
Theoretical development on language universals are shown at Genealogical Tree of Sekinan’s Paper Sixth Edition*6-2.
Related words and concepts on language universals are shown at Appendix / Language between Sergej Karcevskij and string theory, one century’s trace The 30th Anniversary of Sekinan Library Memorial Essay*6-1.
Relative themes on language universals at Sekinan Library are seen at Twitter Sekinan Library’s Moments*7-3.
​
​
References

0
  1. Ideogram. 4 March 2005.
  2. Quantification of Quantum. 29 May 2004. 

1
  1. The Time of Language
  2. The Time of WANG Guowei
  3. The Time of Wittgenstein　
  4. The Time of Quantum
  5. The Days of Distance
  6. The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory
  7. The Days of Decipherment
  8. The days of von Neumann Algebra
  9. The days between von Neumann Algebra and Complex Manifold Deformation Theory
  10. Language between Sergej Karcevskij and string theory, one century’s trace

2
  1. 40 years passed from I read WANG Guowei
  2. For WITTGENSTEIN Ludwig Revised with Symplectic Language Theory and Floer Homology Language
  3. Language between Sergej Karcevskij and string theory, one century’s trace Preface
  4. Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002

3
  1. On Time Property Inherent in Characters
  2. Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language
  3. Quantum Theory for language
  4. Prague Theory
  5. Distance Theory
  6. von Neumann Algebra 2 Note Generation Theorem
  7. von Neumann Algebra 3 Note 1 Properly Infinite
  8. True-false problem of the Crete
  9. Word as Infinite Loop Space
  10. Disposition of Language
  11. Distance of Word
  12. Flow of language
  13. Boundary of language
  14. At least three elements for language universals​​

4
  1. von Neumann Algebra
  2. Algebraic Geometry Language
  3. Derived Category Language

5
  1. Early Paper
  2. ​Early paper 2
  3. Early Paper 3
  4. Recent Paper
  5. Recent Paper 2
  6. Recent Paper 3

6
  1. Appendix / Language between Sergej Karcevskij and string theory, one century’s trace The 30th Anniversary of Sekinan Library Memorial Essay
  2. Genealogical Tree of Sekinan’s Paper Sixth Edition

7
  1. SRFL Paper
  2. Sekinan Study
  3. Twitter. Sekinan Library. Moments​​

Outer sites and publication
​8
  1. The Comprehensive LATEX Symbol List Scot Pakin 19 January 2017.
  2. The exhibition catalogue of The British Museum ANCIENT EGYPTIAN BOOK OF THE DEAD JOURNEY THROUGH THE  AFTERLIFE. Asahi Shinbun.
  3. Steven Snape. Decoding the stone. George Weidenfield and Nicolson Ltd. 1997.
  4. John Chadwick. THE DECIPHERMENT OF LINEAR B. Cambridge University Press. 1958.
  5. The exhibition  catalogue of A JOURNEY TO THE IMMORTALS : TREASURES OF ANCIENT GREECE.  Asahi Shinbun et al.  2016.
  6. Unicode® Technical Report #51 UNICODE EMOJI.
This essay is unfinished.

Tokyo
20 April 2017
Sekinan Zoho​
[Note]
7 March 2018
From the upper study, ideogram has special features as the next.
1. Ideogram is one style of writing language, rather near to image than letter.
2. Ideogram has potential to connects image and letter.
3. One ideogram generally contains more information than letter.
4. Ideogram has possibility to researching object by mathematics especially algebraic approach.
5. Ideogram has geographical and historical rich fields from Mesopotamia, Egypt to China. 
6. I take Chinese character for my research’s  object.


7  Added from 3rd Edition

The mathematical expression of Time itself was afterwards written at the papers titled Clifford Algebra.
Refer to the next.
In these papers, the most directly refer to time is No. 5 paper,
This paper is also a survey of time from modern physics side, Schrodinger, Tomonaga and Dirac.
Please read this paper by the upper paperbottom’s PDF Edition which is no errata of Web-print-version.



Best regards,

T. A.
Tokyo
Text partly revised
4 December 2019
SRFL Paper
 


P.S.
The latest work on quantum theory is shown at the next.

Quantum-Nerve Theory
 
Part 1
Making nerve's mathematical model

What is signal? The existence that generates language
Preface, Preparation, Preparation 2, References, Main Issue 1-5,  Anticipation - FAQ
and Comment
Contents Edition
21 November 2018 - 24 April 2019
TANAKA  Akio
Sekinan Library
Tokyo
 
Original Title  
What is signal? A mathematical model of nerve  ​ 
For father and mother

Quantum-Nerve Theory
 
Part 2
Physical mathematics from quantum group
0
Inspiration The Time of Quantum 2008
1
Quantum Theory for Language 2004
Place where Quantum of language Exists 2004
Frame-Quantum Theory 2005
Frame-Quantum-Time Theory 2005
Quantum Warp Theory Warp 2005
Quantum Linguistics Solidity and Flexibility 2006
Quantum Language Substantiality of Language 2006
2
1.Clifford AlgebraNote 1 From Super Space to Quantization 2008
2. Kac-Moody Lie Algebra Note 2 Quantum Group 2008
3. Symplectic Language Theory Note 6 Homological Mirror Symmetry Conjecture by KONTSEVICH​ 2009
4. Floer Homology Language Note 7 Quantization of Language​ 2009
5. Floer Homology Language Note 8 Discreteness of Language​ 2009
6. Simplicial Space Language  Composition of Word 2013
3
1. Floer Homology Language 2009
2. Homology Structure of Word 2009
3. Quantization of Language 2009
4. Discreteness of Language 2009
5. Proto Arithmetic Geometry Language 2009
6.Language, Word, Distance, Meaning and Meaning Minimum 2009
4
1. Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language Note added 2003
2. Quantum Theory for Language 2004
3. Quantum Theory for Language  Theoretical Summarization and Problem in Future 2004
4. Noncommutative Distance Theory  Note 2  C*-Algebra 2007
5. Kac-Moody Lie Algebra 2008

Read more: https://srfl-paper.webnode.com/


P.P.S Added from 4th Edition
Being led by quantum
4 December 2019

My mathematical restart of language study was begun in March 2003, when I wrote a manuscript on quantum situation in language.
At that time I had not sufficient understanding on Drinfel’d’s concept of quantum group by my poor ability of modern algebra.
The manuscript text was written in Japanese only, sorry not exist English version. Preface and Note are written in English.
All the texts are the following.
The study themes indicated at the manuscript was hard targets for my ability till now. My road is still succeeding to the future.
Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language 2003-2019 Newly revised edition
                  Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language
Contents
Preface
1 Quantization of language
2 Appearance and disappearance of quantum
3 Conjugation and class of quantum
4 Encoding of quantum and assembled quanta
5 Progress and class of quantum groups
6 Basic principle of quantum theory
Note
Note 2
                 —————————————————————————————
Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language
       TANAKA Akio
Preface
以下に示す「言語の量子理論」は、英文で書かれたQuantum Theory for Language の草稿となるもので、２００３年３月に長野県白馬の白馬アルプスホテルで書かれたものである。発表するのは今回が初めてである。いままで発表しなかったのは、この草稿がまったく資料のないホテルの部屋できわめて短時間のうちに書かれたものであり、そのためその内容が非常に直感的で、通常の論考とは異なる、私にとってはかなり先鋭的なものであったためである。しかも論考は途中で終わり未完のままである。２００３年１２月に或るシンポジウムで発表するためにこの草稿をもとに書き上げたQuantum Theory for Languageでは、論考の趣旨はほぼ一貫しながらもその表現をより穏やかなものにした記憶がいまもはっきりと残っている。しかし現在この草稿を読み返してみると、私が２００３年当時気にした直感性や先鋭さは、やはり私の言語論の本質に深く根ざしたものであり、ほぼ十年におよぶ言語に関する数学的な記述を経て振り返ると、私が今なお書き残しているもっとも重要ないくつかの主題は、ほぼこの草稿に記されたものであることを私はあらためて確認するに至っている。言語の量子化、量子の出現と消滅、量子の接合と階層、量子集合体、量子群の進行と階層、陽性量子と陰性量子、量子の意味とエネルギー。いずれも私にとって、依然として未知であり魅惑的であり続ける。今後私はふたたびこの草稿の位置にもどり、あらためてみずからの思考を紡いてゆくことになるであろう。老年の今となっては、本質は形態に先行し、もっとも表現したいものを、私にとってそれにもっともふさわしい方法で記述してゆくこととなるであろう。いくばくかの時間がなお残されているのであればだが。二十歳のころ恩師が教えてくれた句は今もそのまま生きている。いざゆかん雪見にころぶところまで。
２０１５年３月２３日、東京にて記す。
Tokyo
23 March 2015
Sekinan Library
 ———————————————————————————————–
言語の量子理論
０　はじめに　
 中国における主要な言語である漢語には２０００年を超える記載言語すなわち文字言語の歴史がある。
 中国古典を代表する『論語』は、現代に残された文字資料であるが、同時に同書編纂当時の口頭言語を強く含んでいるとされる。（吉川幸次郎　１９６７年）
 ここでは、おもに『論語』の文例によりながら、記載言語（文言）と口頭言語（白話）の両面にかかわる、言語の分析を試みる。
１　言語の量子化
　言語類型論で孤立語に分類される漢語、いわゆる中国語は、原理的には一つの音節が一つの意味と一つの文字すなわち漢字を持つ。
　音節が連続して新しい意味を形成することはあるが、それぞれの音節は常に本来の独立した意味と文字を改変することなく所持することによって、漢語の内在する言語規則基本的にはほとんど改変することなく、長い歴史時代を通して保持してきた。
　漢語の文法的機能が、発音や文字の外形的変化を一切行わなず、一語一語の配列すなわち語順によって、形成されるとするが、その語順すなわち統語法の内在原理は、いまだ十分な解明をみたとはいえない。
　ここでは文言と白話をともに含むとされる『論語』を漢語の言語モデルついて採用し、主に文字論的な接近によって、漢語に内在する言語法則ひいては一般的な言語に内在する言語構造を分析しようとするものである。
　漢語の統語法については、伝統的に実辞と虚辞の２分類によってなされてきた。実辞は実質的な意味を所有するのに対し、虚辞は実辞が所有する意味を補完するために用いられるとされる。
　たとえば、『論語』巻頭の一節、「学而時習之、不亦説乎」（文例１）にあっては、一般的には「学」「時」「習」「之」「説」が実辞であり、「而」「不」「乎」が虚辞である。
　ここで、一つの意味を所有する漢字一字を、一意味単位を有する言語量子とし、言語の最小単位と仮定する。
　伝統的に実辞とされてきたものは、言語量子として通常、一単位の陽性量子を有するとする。虚辞とされてきたものは、通常、一単位の陰性量子を有するとする。一陽性量子をℓ＋、一陰性量子をℓ－と表記することとする。
　一陽性量子は、運動推進エネルギーを有し、量子を前方に移動させようとする力を持つ。一陰性量子は、運動吸収エネルギーを有し、量子の運動を吸収し停止あるいは変更させる力を持つ。一陽性量子は、一陰性量子に接合することによって、自らの運動を停止あるいは変更させる。
　文例１「学而時習之、不亦説乎」によれば、「学」は「而」によって、その運動を変更され、「説」は「不」「亦」および「乎」によって、その運動を変更され最終的に停止されている。
　陽性量子の運動エネルギーは、通常、常時進行性であり、陰性量子に接合するまで、その運動を停止しない。
　陰性量子の運動吸収エネルギーは、通常、「一時停止」「方向変更」「停止」等の機能を有する。
　文例１によれば、「而」は「一時停止」、「不」「亦」は「方向変更」であり、「乎」は「停止」として機能している。
　まとめるならば、量子は意味とエネルギーを有する言語の最小単位である。

２　量子の出現と消滅
　量子は、新しい意味が言語世界へと出現要請されることによって、出現する。要請は言語世界への新しい意味の付加が必要とされたときになされるものである。言語における発話と文字との関係は、発話の先行が一般的であるが、漢語のように、一つの音節が一つの意味を有する言語においては、後出する文字は、発話行為とともに想像上の形態として要請されていたと仮定することも可能であろう。すなわち一つの意味が一つの具体的な識別形態を要請しているのである。この行為は人間の営為として自然なものである。
　言語量子は、言語世界への新しい意味を付加するために、出現する。量子が有するエネルギーは、その新しい意味を言語世界に付加するためのものであり、新しい意味と不可分に結合したものである。
　量子は、その意味が言語世界に不要となったときに消滅する。文例１において「不」は本来は「花のめしべの子房」を意味したが、その実辞としての意味は早くに消滅に、「打ち消し」を意味する虚辞としたのみ、言語世界に機能してきた。
　この「不」で示されたように、実辞と虚辞は漢語において、明瞭に区別されたものではなく、相互の乗り入れや変換が不断に行われてきた。すなわち、上述したように、量子は、当初、言語世界への新しい意味付与のために出現したものである。
  当初は陽性量子であった実辞は、言語世界への意味付与の役割を終えるとともに、その運動エネルギーも消滅する。しかし他の量子の運動エネルギーによって、言語世界が構成され改変された痕跡は、他の量子から運動あるいは圧迫を受け続け、運動を受容する量子として、負のエネルギーを付与されて、言語世界に存続することがあると仮定する。こうして陰性量子が出現する。
  出現した陰性量子は負のエネルギーを有するため、陽性量子のエネルギーを吸収し、その運動を停止または変更させることとなる。
３　量子の接合と階層
　二つ以上の量子は、互いに接合することによって、新しい構造体を形成する。
　文例１「学而時習之、不亦説乎」によれば、量子の接合は以下のようになる。
　＜ ℓ＋　ℓ－　ℓ+　ℓ+　ℓ+　ℓ－　ℓ－　ℓ+　ℓ－＞
　ここで、陽性量子は、次の量子まで意味を移動させる。陰性量子は、前の量子の運動エネルギーを吸収し、停止または変更させる。
　「而」と「乎」が陰性量子として、構造体すなわち文を「停止」させる機能を働かせていることは明瞭であるが、「不」と「亦」の二つの陰性量子は、量子の運動の「変更」として機能していると仮定する。
　伝統的な文法によれば、「不」と「亦」は「説」の意味を補完するとされるが、この量子理論では、後ろの量子は前の量子のエネルギーを受け止めるため、従来の説明では処理できない。
　ここで「変更」とは、前の量子の運動の方向を変えさせることである。こうして一つの陽性量子は、その運動が別の軌道に移されることとなる。すなわち、陽性量子はある一つの軌道上で運動をおこなうが、ある種の「変更」陰性量子はその軌道を別の軌道に移し、新しい意味構造体を創出する。
　その軌道は、モデル的には、数階建ての高層建築が想定される。「学んで時に之を習う」という階から、他の異なった階へと移動させる。
  ここで「不」は「学んで時に之を習う」ことを否定する階へ移し、「亦」はこの「学んで時に之を習う」ことを新しい可能性の階へと移動させる。「乎」はこの状況に疑問を投げかける階へと移動させる。
  この一連の状況をモデル化して図示する。
学
　↓而習之
　　　　　↓不
　　　　　　　↓亦説
　　　　　　　　　　↓乎
『論語』の有名な一節、「有朋自遠方来」（文例は以下のように図示される。
　有朋
　　　↓自遠方来

４　量子と量子集合体の符号化
　量子は初め陽性として出現し、その消滅によって陰性を生じる。陰性量子は陽性量子の群にあっては、無意味であるために非圧迫量子であり、陽性量子としてかつて獲得した意味空間をいわば不断に圧縮され続ける状態にある。こうしてポンプで押し出されるようなエネルギーが陰性量子に蓄えられ、陽性量子の軌道を変更して異なる階層へ移動させることとなると仮定する。
　したがって、この量子理論によれば、漢語のすべての漢字、すなわち意味とエネルギーを有する量子は、次のように符号化することができる。
  量子　/  /
  意味　ℓ
  陽性エネルギー　　→
 陰性エネルギー　　↓
　文例１の「学而時習之、不亦説乎」の符号化は以下のようになる。
/ℓ→/　
　　/ℓ↓/　/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/
　　　　　　　　　　　/ℓ↓/
　　　　　　　　　　　　    /ℓ↓/　/ℓ→/
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　/ℓ↓/
ここで/ℓ→/を数字の１で、/ℓ↓/を数字の０で表すと、「学而時習之、不亦説乎」は１０１１１００１０と数字化できる。
したがって文例１の「学而時習之、不亦説乎」は［進行５，階層４］の言語量子の構造体であるということができる。これを［move５，class4］と表記する。
文例２の「有朋自遠方来」は
有朋
　　↓自遠方来
であるから、
/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/　
　　　　/ℓ↓/　/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/
と符号化され、さらに、
１１０１１１
と数字化される。その構造は［move５，class１］である。
もう一例『論語』から文例をとる。
「三年無改於父之道、可謂孝矣」（文例３）
/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/　/ℓ→/
　　　　　　　　　　　/ℓ↓/  /ℓ→/
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　/ℓ↓/  /ℓ→/
/ℓ↓/  / ℓ→/  /ℓ→/
                 /ℓ↓/
１１１１０１０１０１１０　　　［move8，class５］
５　量子群における進行と階層
　量子群である文における、一階層における進行度数を見る。
文例1では、4分の５で0.8度数。文例2では、1分の５で５度数。文例3では５分の８で1.6度数となる。
ここで、一階層進行度数がどのような指標となるかを考察する。
進行度数1とは、文言にあっては、実辞１に対して虚辞１の割合であり、1階層に１意味が存在する最も明瞭な文と考えることができる。
したがって進行度数が1以上となると、1階層に2つ以上の意味が存在することなり、一つの意味を細かく規定してより微細な意味を提示することとなる。
これとは逆に進行度数が1未満となると、1階層において、一つの意味を提示することがなく、2階層以上によって初めて意味の完結をみることとなり、一つの意味の周囲に補足的な意味内容が付加されることによってより構成的な意味が成立することとなる。
　文例1は0.8度数であり、補足的意味が付加された文である。文例2は5度数であり、微細な意味が規定された文である。文例3は1.6度数であり、ほぼ標準的かやや微細な規定が加わった文である。
６　量子理論の基本原理
　量子理論は、伝統的には実辞とされる陽性量子が1階層で進行することが基本である。したがってある種の量子群すなわち文において、陰性量子が冒頭に立つときには、その前に陽性量子または量子群が省略されたと考えることができる。
陰性量子が陽性量子の進行方向に変化を与えて、新しい階層に移行させることは、陰性量子が受けている被圧迫エネルギーによるとしたが、より正確には、以下のように説明できる。
一般に断定の虚辞とされる「也」は、その実辞としての意味は現代においては不分明であり、陽性量子としてはほぼ消滅したと考えることができる。その代わりに陰性量子としての虚辞機能が台頭して現在に至るが、その機能を細分すれば、断定、主題提示、呼びかけ、詠嘆、疑問、反語等の極めて多様である。
たとえば、「回也不愚」（『論語』為政篇）においては、「回」という人物が、（階層が変わり）孔子の心中において、（また階層が変わり）否定される存在であり、（さらに階層が変わり）「おろかものの類」が提示される。」
「階層が変わる」ということは、「回」という人物が、「也」と出現によって実在の人物から、孔子の心中における考察対象へと変換されたことを意味し、さらにその考察対象が「不」によって抹消されることを意味し、さらに新しく「愚」という概念が登場することを意味する。
すなわち陰性量子は、陽性量子が有する言語世界への直接的な意味を行うのではなく、実辞としてはもはや空白となった自らの領域へ、陽性量子を導くjことによって、一種の真空無重力の状態を現前させ、その方位を転換することであると仮定する。その転換に必要とされるエネルギーは、領域が受けている被圧迫のエネルギーから生ずるものと仮定する。　
７　陰性量子の意味
　陰性量子が有する意味は、上述した「也」の意味分類でも明瞭なように、陽性量子の意味よりはるかに精妙な場合が多い。これらの意味はどのようにして出現したと考えることができるか。
　陰性量子が実辞としての機能を消滅させ、一種の真空領域を有していると仮定したが、ここにひとたび断定という意味が成立すると、この「也」に前から接合する陽性量子の意味によって、その真空領域は一定の反応を示すようになる。たとえば「回」のような人名が前に接合すると、「也」は断定的な意味機能の一変容である主題提示として機能することとなる。
８　陰性量子のエネルギー
　陽性量子のエネルギーは、新しい意味を言語世界に付加するために与えられたものであることは、すでに「２　量子の出現と消滅」において記述したが、ここでは陰性量子が有するエネルギーについて詳述する。
———————————————————————————————————-
Note 
22 December 2017 
This manuscript was written at a hotel of Hakuba, Nagano, Japan in March 2003, where my family stayed for hot spring and ski. In autumn 2002, I thought of relationship between time and characters inspired by WANG Guowei’s paper written on old Chinese character’s studies, one of which he declared that character heng 亙 was imaged from a ship coming and going the banks. This character contained the notation of the continuous time of ship operation between the banks.
But if character contain the time going, character seemed to have any existence of inherent energy in it.
Note 2
29 June 2018
19 June 2019 SRFL Lab’s Preparatory paper and Preparatory Paper 2  added.

Definition of quantum in this manuscript was intuitive while in my mind there was rather precise image that was not able to write by mathematical approach in the days of 2003.Now the situation has been changed drastically through development of  quantum group. Particularly from the Drinfeld’s speech at the international mathematician conference in 1984.I wrote the simple trial paper on quantum group in 2008.
Kac-Moody Lie Algebra Note 2 Quantum Group 2008
Papers related on the pre-thought on quantum group is seen at SRFL Lab.
SRFL Lab’s Preparatory paper

Preparatory paper
1. Kac-Moody Lie Algebra Note 2 Quantum Group 2008
2. Symplectic Language Theory Note 6 Homological Mirror Symmetry Conjecture by KONTSEVICH​ 2009
3. Floer Homology Language Note 7 Quantization of Language​ 2009
4. Floer Homology Language Note 8 Discreteness of Language​ 2009
5. Simplicial Space Language  Composition of Word 2013
Inherent energy in language has been become a little updated after writing in 2003. Now arranged at the next.Energy
1. Potential of Language  2009
2. The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory  2014
3. Preparation for the energy of language  2015   
 ——————————————————————————————————
Tokyo
26 May 2019
19 June 2019 Revised
SRFL Paper


P.S. 3 Added from 5th Edition
Now remembering Aurora Theory. As the first language model.

The purpose of SRFL was the study of language universals mainly using mathematical method.
The execution of the plan, mathematically simple model was inevitably needed. From 2003 continuous try and error, Aurora Theory was probably the first success work at that time’s my mathematical level combining theory’s beauty and usefulness.
In those days I want to expand as language model freer and wider space than ever thinking. One conclusion was adoption of objective space.
In Aurora Theory, what I added as subtitle of the second paper Dictoron and Aurora,  was my joyous expression for solving the question of the moment.
At the paper, language was dancing in the dark-blue sky drawing trapezium’s aurora, probably beautifully.
Aurora Theory
 
Dictoron and Aurora

For SAEKI Shizuto
 
TANAKA Akio
 
1
Language is a substance that carries meaning†1.
Refer to the following paper.
Quantum Language   Substantiality of Language   For the Memory of Encounter with CHINO Eiichi nearly thirty years ago   Tokyo February 21, 2006
Also refer to the following papers.
Quantum Theory for Language   Theoretical Summarization and Problem in Future   Tokyo   November 28, 2004
Compendium   Premise for Frame-Quantum Theory   Tokyo   March 22-April 10, 2005
Robot Language   Diversification   Tokyo   October 30, 2005
Quantum Linguistics   Creation of Meaning   Toward Realization of Quantum Language Machine 2   Tokyo   February 12, 2006
Quantum Language   Frame and Transmission   For Quantum Language Machine 3   Tokyo   February 21, 2006
Quantum Semantics   Lattice   Tokyo   May 15-28, 2006
Quantum Semantics   Gauss’ Plane   Tokyo   June 3, 2006
Supersurface and Language   Supersurface, String, Knot and Longitude, Time   Toward Moduli Space   Tokyo   August 7-9, 2006
2
Dictoron is the minimum element of language.
Dictoron has electrical charge.
Refer to the following paper.
Aurora Theory   Dictoron   Quantum and Trace   For FINKELSTEIN David   Tokyo   September 17, 2006
3
Dictoron crosses field that has electrical charge.
4
Dictoron remains trace in field. The field is called aurora†2.
Refer to the following papers for auroria’s image. 
Obi Theory   Obi Language   Tokyo   May 4, 2006
Obi Theory   Universe   Tokyo   May 5, 2006
Obi Theory   Time   Tokyo   May 6, 2006
Obi Theory   Meaning   For KARCEVSKIJ   May 10, 2006
Obi Theory   Whirl   May 28, 2006
Obi Theory   Birth   June 16, 2006
5
Auroria is in topological space.
Refer to the following paper.
Quantum Semantics   Topological Entangled Language   For KITAEV Alexei Yu   Tokyo   June 5, 2006
6
Auroria has color and shape.
Color is derived from Dictoron’s electrical charge.
Refer to the following paper.
Quantum Linguistics   Nature of Quantum   Toward Realization of Quantum Language Machine   Tokyo   February 5, 2006
Shape is derived from Dictoron’s vector.
Refer to the following paper.
Twin Language   Vector   Tokyo   March 21, 2005
7 Color and shape make expression.
Expression is changeable.
Refer to the following paper.
Changeability   To SAPIR and KARCEVSKIJ   Tokyo   January 8, 2006
7
Expression is observed at hut that has observational device.
 
Tokyo September 24, 2006
Tokyo September 28, 2006 Added

Sekinan Research Field of Language
 
[Post script July 3, 2008]
†1 Holomorphic Meaning Theory 2 / 11th for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej / Tokyo June 19, 2008
†2   Stochastic Meaning Theory 3 / July 3, 2008
   For KARCEVSKIJ Sergej Group / Holomorphic Meaning Theory Group / Stochastic Meaning Theory Group


Read more: https://srfl-paper.webnode.com/products/aurora-theory-dictoron-and-aurora-language-is-aurora-dancing-above-us-for-saeki-shizuto/
Time passed by rapidly.
My study’s main concern has been changed to the root or foundation of Language.
So clearly conscious paper on language model was perhaps Lang Model 2012, at which I . At the paper, I quoted Lang conjecture (S.Lang 1974).
Lang Model

TANAKA Akio


1. Lang conjecture (S.Lang 1974)
Algebraic field F ( finite dimensional overfield over Q ) is defined over projective algebraic variety V.
For a certain embedding F -> C, V is seen that V is seen as complex projective algebraic variety.
If V is Kobayashi hyperbolic, V ( F ) is finite set.
2. Shafarevich conjecture ( I.Shafarevich 1963)
F is algebraic field.
OF is integer ring of F.
Finite subset 
 and integer 
 are fixed.
When the upper conditions are satisfied, g dimensional Abelian variety over F and genius g's algebraic curves that degenerate in only S at most only exist finite number.
3. Interpretation
3.1 Finiteness of words by Shafarevich conjecture
Language := FSentence := OFWord := SWord's dimension := gWord's meaning := genius g's algebraic curves 3.2 Grammar (Connection of words) by Lang conjecture
Language := FGrammar (Words' connection rule) := Kobayashi hyperbolicity
4. References
4.1 On dimension and meaning
Quantum Theory for Language 2004
4.2 On Kobayashi hyperbolicity
Ditance Theory 2004
From Distance to Pseudo-Kobayashi-Distance 2012



This paper's description is unfinished.
Tokyo
17 June 2012
Sekinan Research Field of Language

Heed:
This print contains errata at Web print.
Please refer to the next correct original paper.
https://sekinanmodel.wiki.zoho.com/Lang-Model.html
After studying language model, I turned the main object to the root of language, for which the two sites have been ready now, one is widely shown the root of language, the another is limited at Quantum-Nerve Theory.

ENSILA
Seeking for the root of language

Refer to 
Paper, Paper 2003-2019
and
Blog

-----------------------------------------------------------------
 
New paper
What is signal?
Total Edition
21 November 2018-23 April 2019

----------------------------------------------------------------
 
Tokyo　
20 January 2019    
ENSILA /ensaila/

Quantum-Nerve Theory
Abbreviation : QNT​

​Quantum-Nerve Theory is the latest theory of SRFL in Sekinan Library.
The theory has researched into the root of language.
Sekinan Library was founded in 1986. 
SRFL was founded in 2003. 

Tokyo
​30 October 2019
​
Quantum-Nerve Theory
​Abbr: QNT
Quantum-Nerve Theory With References
P.S. 3 Finished.
5 December 2019
SRFL Paper


P.S. 4 Added from 6th Edition

Farewell to language universals.
Letter to WPM.  
Along the ridges of the mountains.
On Aurora Theory.
6th Edition. 11 December 2019


In 2003, when I started SRFL, I wrote Declaration in which the aim of SRFL is studying language universals, as the following.


Declaration

TANAKA Akio

Sekinan Research Field of Language was established at Hakuba Nagano Japan on August 23, 2003. It is abbreviated to SRFL.
The aim of SRFL is the research for the language universals.
Quantum theory for language is especially considered.
Partially the research will be useful for clarifying the quantification of language. Also through the research, language will be a little close to the human being. 

Tokyo
April 23, 2004
April 11, 2014 Revised

What hauling the study was in the Linguistic Circle of Prague and one of the circle’s member Sergej Karcevskij.
But along with time passing, my main study had been gradually declining to mathematical approach, avoiding the intuitive expressions in the linguistic main trend.
In 2013, I wrote a essay titled Half Farewell to Sergey Karcevskij and the Linguistic Circle of Prague as the following.


Half Farewell to Sergej Karcevskij and the Linguistic Circle of Prague with References

TANAKA Akio
I have thought on language through the rich results of the linguistic Circle of Prague and its important member Sergej Karcevskij. But now my recent thinking has inclined towards algebraic or arithmetic geometrical method and description. Probably it is the time of half farewell to those milestones which led me to the standing place here with rather sufficient results in my ability. Great thanks to all that always encouraged me for hard and vague target on language especially meaning and its surroundings. And also to CHINO Eiichi with love and respect who taught me all the bases of language study.For recent results see the following papers group named AGL Arithmetic Geometry Language and related essays.
24 September 2014, references added
Sekinan Research Field of Language
In 2012, I also wrote a paper titled Lang Model, which seems to be the final model paper of language universal, remembering now.
After this paper, I did not write any papers directly dealing with language universals or language’s model papers.

sekinanmodel
Lang Model

 TANAKA Akio 

1. Lang conjecture (S.Lang 1974)
Algebraic field F ( finite dimensional overfield over Q ) is defined over projective algebraic variety V.
For a certain embedding F -> C, V is seen that V is seen as complex projective algebraic variety.
If V is Kobayashi hyperbolic, V ( F ) is finite set.
2. Shafarevich conjecture ( I.Shafarevich 1963)
F is algebraic field.
OF is integer ring of F.
Finite subset 
 and integer 
 are fixed.
When the upper conditions are satisfied, g dimensional Abelian variety over F and genius g's algebraic curves that degenerate in only S at most only exist finite number.
3. Interpretation
3.1 Finiteness of words by Shafarevich conjecture
Language := F Sentence := OFWord := SWord's dimension := gWord's meaning := genius g's algebraic curves 3.2 Grammar (Connection of words) by Lang conjecture
Language := F Grammar (Words' connection rule) := Kobayashi hyperbolicity
4. References
4.1 On dimension and meaning
Quantum Theory for Language 2004
4.2 On Kobayashi hyperbolicity
Ditance Theory 2004
From Distance to Pseudo-Kobayashi-Distance 2012



This paper's description is unfinished.
Tokyo
17 June 2012
Sekinan Research Field of Language

Heed:
This print contains errata at Web print.
Please refer to the next correct original paper.
https://sekinanmodel.wiki.zoho.com/Lang-Model.html
Main papers dealing with Language universals are the following.


Language Universal Models  
               

Tokyo
January 25, 2012
February 1, 2012 Added
Sekinan Research Field of Language
1. Repeated Integral Model
1.1 Hyperbolic volume Volume of Language
1.2 Hyperbolic space Hyperbolic Space Language
2. Minimal Model
2.1 Free group　Notes for KARVESKIJ Sergej, “Du dualisme asymétrique du signe linguistique”　
2.2 Fundamental group Description of Language
2.3 de Rham complex Structure of Word
2.4 de Rham complex on spherical surface Condition of Meaning
3. Knot Theory Model
3.1 Hida deformation space Loop Time f Character
5. Moduli Model
5.1 Projective algebraic manifold Completion of Language
5.2 Projective algebraic manifold Meaning Minimum of Language
7. Projective Space Model
7.1 Grothendieck theorem Vector Bundle Model
8. Diophantine Approximation Model-Diophantine Language
8.1 Faltings theorem Finiteness of Words
8.2 Noguchi, Winkelmann theorem Dimension of Words
Since 2013 I had individually gone forwards to Dimension, Flow and Energy aparting from language universals.
Main papers dealing with dimension was the next.


Papers on language dimension  
In chronological order

TANAKA Akio
  1. Construction of Spacetime
    Especially on Transformation with Boundary for Dimensions / 24 April 2007
  2. From Cut and Glue Dimension to Krull Dimension 8th for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej / 26 September 2007
  3. Moser’s Theorem / 10 January 2009​
  4. Lang Model / 17 June 2012
  5. Dimension of Words / 30 January 2012
  6. Word as Infinite Loop Space / 6 December 2012
  7. Dimension of Word / 24 December 2012
  8. Dimension of Language / 4 September 2013
  9. Birth of Word, Synthesis of Meaning and Dimension of New Word / 8 September 2013
  10. Dimension Conjecture for Synthesis of Meaning / 9 September 2013
  11. Dimension Decrease Conjecture / 1 May 2014
To be continued

Tokyo
9 May 2015
Sekinan Library

The object that was strongly attracted was Energy, which was the real root of language and the origin of generating all the languages and their relative matters. Main papers are the following.


Energy Distance Theory
 

Preparation for the energy of language

TANAKA Akio
The energy of language seems to be one of the most fundamental theme for the further step-up  study on language at the present for me. But the theme was hard to put on the mathematical description. Now I present some preparatory  papers written so far.
  1. Potential of Language / Floer Homology Language / 16 June 2009
  2. Homology structure of Word / Floer Homology Language / Tokyo June 16, 2009
  3. Amplitude of meaning minimum / Complex Manifold Deformation Theory / 17 December 2008
  4. Time of Word / Complex Manifold Deformation Theory / 23 December 2008
Tokyo
3 April 2015
Sekinan Library

The days when I was thinking on Energy Distance Theory

TANAKA Akio
1.
Around 2008, I was thinking on energy in language related with distance in language. Distance is one of the kernel themes of my study of language universals in those days. In simply saying, distance is the result of movement and for movement there must inevitably needs energy. So I had thought that if language have distance, there must be energy or its alike in language that is supposed in mathematical models. But in my ability in 2008, I could not develop the deep and wide range of language from the theme, energy and distance. So Energy Distance Theory was still now unfinished.
  1. Energy Distance Theory
  2. Energy and Distance
  3. Heat and Diffusion
  4. Energy and Functional
  5. Finsler Manifold and Distance
  6. Word and Meaning Minimum
  7. Geometry of Word
2.
In another approach of my study on language universals, Edward Sapir’s Language, 1921 was one of my favourite books between 1970s and early 1980s. In his book, the most fantastic concept for me was Drift, that indicated the vast movement of language system itself.  I ever gave brief account on it.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
  1. Edward Sapir’s Language, 1921
Edward Sapir’s Language, 1921 showed me the dynamism of language proposing the concept, drift.
Drift shows us the macro phase of natural language and I was hinted by Sapir’s this concept and proposed the micro phase of natural language. The paper “Quantum Theory for Language” is my first total proposal paper describing the natural language’s model.
Tokyo
5 September 2014
Sekinan Research Field of Language
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.
My language study started from the reading of Old China’s Qing dynasty’s huge linguistic inheritance, “Xiaoxue”, in English Small Study , that is contrary to the name, the most basic and difficult study of classical texts of old China. I particularly loved the books written by WANG Guowei and WANG Yinzhi and DUAN Yucai.
The main book list to which I referred in those days between the age 20s and 40s are shown  at the next.
  1. Library 10 General Index,  SRFL Sekinan Research Field of Language
Especially I was enchanted with WANG Guowei’s work, whose selected papers’ title wasGuantangjilin. For him I wrote a short essay as below.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
  1. 40 years passed from I read WANG Guowei / 16 November 2013
Guantangjilin is the selection of works by WANG Guowei, which contents contains vast area of history, literature and linguistics. Some people say that his works is a thousand-year peak from Song era’s philosopher SHU Xi. I bought his book at Haifeng shudian, Kanda, Tokyo in my mid 20s. The date  of colophon is February 1973, publisher is Zhonghua shuju Xianggang fenju.
Probably I bought it in 1973 or 1974. In those days I frequently went Haifeng shudian bookshop for buying Chinese classics,  mainly Qing Dynasty’s linguistic works that is called ” Xiaoxue”, Small study at China. Guantangjilin is a very difficult book to understand  by my poor study result.
His study era is from Yin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty some 2,500 years of Chinese literary history. At his vast works I was especially charmed in Qing Dynasty’s ancient Chinese hieroglyphic characters, Jiaguwenzi by Chinese. After 40 years, in 2003 I wrote a small paper on language universals through this  ancient Chinese hieroglyphic characters at the view point of written language.
The title is On Time Property inherent in Characters. From at that time 10 years passed by. Now I am still learning on language universals but its style is far apart from the days 2003 or 1973. Ambiguity of approach by traditional linguistics is not for my part. I dare challenge to a new frontier of description for language study using mathematics or algebraic geometry.
Refer to the next.
  1. On Time Property Inherent in Characters 2003
  2. From Distance to Pseudo-Kobayashi-Distance 2012
  3. Half farewell to Sergej Karcevskij and the Linguistic Circle of Prague 2013
Tokyo 16 November 2013
Sekinan Research Field of Language
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.
After all,Energy Distance Theory ended in the half-finished situation. But now I still eager to write and develop the papers on energy and distance. The road is long and winding as ever. I always accustomed to delay and stagnate. Some rays of light is emitting in the small study room of mine.
Tokyo
19 December 2014
Sekinan Essay


And now I flyed down to Nerve which was all the basis of human being, worked by energy. I was at length back to Declaration in 2004, in which I wrote that language will be a little close to the human being. And thus Aurora Theory in 2006 ended a role of the first distinct model theory, in which aurora was dancing above us.
It is a story on Aurora Theory.

Best Regards,

T.A.


Tokyo
11 December 2019
ENSILA
Quantum-Nerve Theory

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