Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language Newly revised edition with Note, Note 2 and Note 3. 2003-2019. Translated by Google translate 2020
07/05/2020 19:12
Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language Newly revised edition with Note, Note 2 and Note 3. 2003-2019
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Manuscript of Quantum Theory for Language
Contents Preface 1 Quantization of language 2 Appearance and disappearance of quantum 3 Conjugation and class of quantum 4 Encoding of quantum and assembled quanta 5 Progress and class of quantum groups 6 Basic principle of quantum theory Note Note 2 Note 3
Preface The “Quantum Theory of Language” shown below is a draft of the Quantum Theory for Language written in English, and was written in March 2003 at the Hakuba Alps Hotel in Hakuba, Nagano Prefecture. This is the first time to announce. What I haven’t published so far is that this draft was written in a very empty room in a hotel room in a very short period of time, which makes it very intuitive and different from the usual discussion. This was because it was quite radical for me. Moreover, the discussion ends halfway and remains unfinished. In the Quantum Theory for Language, which was written based on this draft for presentation at a symposium in December 2003, the essence of the discussion is almost consistent, but the memory that made the expression more gentle is still clear. And remains. However, when I read back this draft now, the intuition and sharpness that I was worried about in 2003 were still deeply rooted in the essence of my linguistic theory, and it was a mathematical mathematics of the language that lasted almost 10 years. Looking back at the description, I’ve reconfirmed that some of the most important subjects I’m still writing about are almost entirely in this draft. Quantization of language, appearance and disappearance of quantum, junction and hierarchy of quantum, quantum aggregate, progression and hierarchy of quantum group, positive quantum and negative quantum, meaning and energy of quantum. Both remain unknown and fascinating to me. In the future, I will return to the position of this draft again and spin my thoughts again. In old age, the essence precedes the form, and I will describe what I want to express the most in a way that suits me. Unless some time is still left. The phrase taught by my teacher when I was 20 years old is still alive. Izayukan To the place where you fall into Yukimi. Recorded in Tokyo on March 23, 2015.
0 Introduction Chinese, which is the main language in China, has a history of over 2000 written or written languages. The “rongo”, which represents Chinese classics, is a textual material left over in the modern era, but at the same time, it is said to strongly include the oral language at the time of the compilation of the book. (Kojiro Yoshikawa, 1967) Here, we try to analyze the language that is related to both the written language (text) and the verbal language (white talk), mainly based on the example sentences of “rongo”.
In Chinese, a so-called Chinese language that is classified as an isolated word in the quantized language typology of one language , in principle, one syllable has one meaning and one character, that is, a Chinese character. Although syllables may form new meanings in succession, each syllable always possesses its own independent meaning and character without modification, thereby essentially modifying the underlying language rules of Chinese Without having been held through a long historical period. It is assumed that the grammatical functions of the Chinese language are formed by the sequence of words one by one, that is, the word order, without making any pronunciation or changing the outer shape of the characters, but the word order, that is, the internal principle of the syntactic system is still sufficient. It cannot be said that the elucidation was seen. In this paper, we use “words”, which are said to include both language and white talk, for the language model of Chinese language, and analyze the language rules inherent in Chinese language and thus the language structure inherent in general language mainly by the approach of literary theory. Is what you are trying to do. Traditionally, the syntax of Chinese has been divided into two categories, real and false. It is said that an actual word possesses a substantial meaning, while an expletive is used to complement the meaning possessed by an actual word. For example, in the first section of “Rongo,” “Gakujitsu Jikiyuki, Fuyu Theory” (Example 1), “Gaku”, “Time”, “Xi”, “Yu” and “Theory” are generally It is a real word, and “ji”, “im”, and “乎” are false words. Here, it is assumed that each Kanji character having one meaning is a language quantum having one meaning unit and is the minimum unit of the language. What has traditionally been affixed is supposed to have one unit of positive quantum as a language quantum. What has been assumed to be an idiom usually has one unit of negative quantum. One positive quantum is written as ℓ +, and one negative quantum is written as ℓ−. The one-positive quantum has kinetic propulsion energy and has a force to move the quantum forward. The one-negative quantum has kinetic absorption energy, and has a force of absorbing and stopping or changing the motion of the quantum. The one-positive quantum stops or changes its own motion by joining to the one-negative quantum. According to sentence example 1, “Gakuji Jiki, Yuki no Yuki”, “Gaku” has its movement changed by “Phy”, and “theory” has been changed by “No”, “Yuki”, and “Kyo”. The movement has been changed and finally stopped. The kinetic energy of positive quanta is usually always progressive and does not stop its motion until it joins a negative quantum. The kinetic absorption energy of the negative quantum usually has functions such as “temporary stop”, “direction change”, and “stop”. According to the example sentence 1, “” is “temporary stop”, “” and “” are “direction change”, and “” is functioning as “stop”. Taken together, quanta are the smallest units of language that have meaning and energy.
2. Appearance and disappearance of quanta Quantum appears when a new meaning is requested to appear in the language world. Requests are made when it is necessary to add new meaning to the language world. The relationship between utterances and letters in a language is generally preceded by utterances, but in languages such as Chinese where one syllable has one meaning, the letters that appear later are imaginary along with utterance actions. It may be possible to assume that it was requested as a form. That is, one meaning requires one specific identification form. This act is natural as a human act. Language quantum emerges to add new meaning to the language world. The energy of the quantum is to add the new meaning to the language world, and is inseparably combined with the new meaning. Quantum disappears when its meaning is no longer needed in the language world. In sentence example 1, “non” originally meant “hanameshibenokobo”, but its meaning as an actual word disappears quickly, and it is only an imaginary word that means “cancel” and it functions in the language world. It was As indicated by this “im”, the actual and the exaggerated words are not clearly distinguished in Chinese, and they have been constantly interchanging and translating. That is, as described above, the quantum originally appeared to give a new meaning to the language world. Initially a positive quantum, which ended its role of giving meaning to the language world, also disappeared its kinetic energy. However, the traces that the linguistic world was constructed and modified by the kinetic energy of other quanta continue to be subject to motion or pressure from other quanta, and negative energies are given as quanta that accept motion, and they remain in the linguistic world. Suppose there is something to do. In this way, negative quanta appear. Since the appeared negative quantum has negative energy, it absorbs the energy of the positive quantum and stops or changes its motion.
3 Quantum Junction and Hierarchy Two or more quanta form a new structure by joining each other. According to sentence example 1, “Gakujitsu Jiyuki, Innocent Theory,” the quantum junction is as follows. <ℓ + ℓ− ℓ + ℓ + ℓ + ℓ− ℓ− ℓ + ℓ−> Here, the positive quantum moves the meaning to the next quantum. Negative quanta absorb the kinetic energy of the previous quantum, stopping or changing it. It is clear that “ji” and “乎” act as negative quanta, which act as a function to “stop” the structure or sentence, but the two negative quanta of “im” and “亦” are Suppose it is functioning as a “change” of. According to the traditional grammar, “non” and “rear” complement the meaning of “theory”, but in this quantum theory, the back quantum receives the energy of the front quantum, so in the conventional explanation It cannot be processed. Here, “change” means to change the direction of motion of the previous quantum. Thus, the movement of one positive quantum is transferred to another orbit. That is, positive quanta move on one orbit, while some “altered” negative quanta move that orbit to another, creating a new semantic structure. The orbit is, as a model, supposed to be a multi-storey high-rise building. Move from the “learn and learn lessons” floor to another floor. Here, “im” moves to the floor that denies “learn and learn the time”, and “re” moves this “learn and learn the time” to a new possibility floor. The “乎” moves to a floor that questions this situation. This series of situations is modeled and illustrated.
Manabu ↓而習Noriyuki ↓ non ↓ Matasetsu ↓ question mark
famous passage from “Analects”, “Aritomo own far come” (text example is illustrated as follows. Aritomo ↓ self far come
codes of Quantum and Quantum aggregate A chemical quantum first appears as a positive, and its disappearance produces a negative.The negative quantum is a non-compressed quantum because it is meaningless in the group of positive quantum, and so to speak the semantic space that was once acquired as a positive quantum. is ready to continue to be compressed to a constant. Thus energy as extruded by the pump is stored in the negative quantization, it is assumed that the moving to a different hierarchy by modifying the trajectory of the positive quantum. Therefore, according to the quantum theory if all kanji Chinese, i.e. quantum having meaning and energy may be encoded as follows. quantum / / meaning ℓ positive energy → negative energy ↓
example sentence 1 “Manabu而時 This, the encoding of non-also Setsu乎”is as follows.
/ ℓ ￫ / / ℓ ￬ / / ℓ ￫ / / ℓ ￫ / / ℓ ￫ / / ℓ ￬ / / ℓ ￬ / / ℓ ￫ / / ℓ ↓ / Here, if / ℓ → / is represented by the number 1 and / ℓ ↓ / is represented by the number 0, then “Gakuji Tikinoyuki, Fuyusetsu” can be digitized as 101110010. Therefore, it can be said that the sentence example, “Gakuji Jiyuki, Shigenori” is a structure of language quantum of [Progress 5, Layer 4]. This is described as [move5, class 4]. In the sentence example 2, “Ariho’s far-distance” is
Ariho ↓ far-distance
, so it is encoded as
/ ℓ → / / ℓ → / / ℓ ↓ / / ℓ → / / ℓ → // ℓ → /,
and It is digitized as
110111
. Its structure is [move5, class1].
Another example: Take a sentence example from “rongo”.
“Three years without reform in Chichi-no-michi, so-called Takahori” (Sentence 3)
5 Progress and hierarchy in 5 quantum groups The progress frequency in one hierarchy in the sentence which is a quantum group is seen. In sentence example 1, it is 0.8 in 5/4. In sentence example 2, it is 5 times 5 times. In sentence example 3, it becomes 1.6 in 8/5. Here, let us consider what kind of index the one-layer progress frequency is. In the wording, the frequency of progression 1 is the ratio of the actual word 1 to the negative word 1 and can be considered to be the clearest sentence in which one meaning exists in one hierarchy. Therefore, when the progress frequency is 1 or more, there are two or more meanings in one layer, and one meaning is defined in detail and a finer meaning is presented. On the contrary, if the progress frequency is less than 1, one meaning is not presented in one layer, and the meaning is completed only by two or more layers, and a supplementary meaning surrounds one meaning. By adding the content, a more constructive meaning is established. Sentence example 1 has a frequency of 0.8 and is a sentence to which a supplementary meaning is added. Sentence example 2 is a sentence with a frequency of 5 and a fine meaning. Sentence 3 is 1.6 degrees, and is a sentence to which almost standard or slightly fine rules are added.
6 Basic Principles of Quantum Theory Quantum theory is based on the fact that positive quanta, which are traditionally real, proceed in one layer. Therefore, in a certain quantum group, that is, a sentence, when a negative quantum stands at the beginning, it can be considered that the positive quantum or quantum group is omitted before it. The fact that the negative quantum gives a change in the traveling direction of the positive quantum and shifts to a new hierarchy depends on the compressed energy received by the negative quantum, but more accurately, it can be explained as follows. In general, “ya”, which is generally regarded as an affirmative mnemonic, is unclear in its modern meaning, and it can be considered that it has almost disappeared as a positive quantum. Instead, the negative function as a negative quantum has emerged to the present day, but if the function is subdivided, it is extremely diverse such as assertion, subject presentation, call, plea, question, and antonym. For example, in “Kayaya Fool” (“Rongo” Tamasaizai Hen), the person “Kai” is denied in the mind of Confucius (changes the hierarchy) (and changes the hierarchy), and ( The hierarchy changes) “Orokamonokino” is presented. “The hierarchy changes” means that the person “Ki” has been transformed from a real person by the appearance of “Ya” into a subject of consideration in Confucius’s mind. It means that it is erased by “non”, and that a new concept of “stupid” appears. In other words, the negative quantum does not have a direct meaning to the language world that the positive quantum has, but by guiding the positive quantum to its own area, which is actually a blank, it is a kind of vacuum weightlessness. Suppose that the state is brought to the front and the direction is changed. It is assumed that the energy required for the conversion comes from the energy of the compression that the area is undergoing.
7 Meaning of Negative Quantum The meaning of negative quanta is often much more subtle than the meaning of positive quanta, as is clear from the semantic classification of “ya” described above. How can we consider these meanings to have emerged? I assumed that the negative quantum disappears its function as a real word and has a kind of vacuum region, but once the meaning of assertion is established here, it depends on the meaning of the positive quantum that is joined to this “ya” from before. , The vacuum region becomes to show a constant reaction. For example, when a person’s name such as “kai” is joined in front, “ya” will function as a subject presentation, which is a transformation of affirmative meaning function.
8 Negative quantum energy The energy of positive quanta has been given to add a new meaning to the language world, as described in “2 Quantum Appearance and Elimination”, but here we will explain in detail the energy of negative quanta. .
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Note 22 December 2017
This manuscript was written at a hotel of Hakuba, Nagano, Japan in March 2003, where my family stayed for hot spring and ski. In autumn 2002, I thought of relationship between time and characters inspired by WANG Guowei’s paper written on old Chinese character’s studies, one of which he declared that character heng 亙 was imaged from a ship coming and going the banks.This character contained the notation of the continuous time of ship operation between the banks. But if character contain the time going, character seemed to have any existence of inherent energy in it.
Note 2 29 June 201819 June 2019 SRFL Lab’s Preparatory paper and Preparatory Paper 2 added. Definition of quantum in this manuscript was intuitive while in my mind there was rather precise image that was not able to write by mathematical approach in the days of 2003. Now the situation has been changed drastically through development of quantum group. Particularly from the Drinfeld’s speech at the international mathematician conference in 1984. I wrote the simple trial paper on quantum group in 2008. Kac-Moody Lie Algebra Note 2 Quantum Group 2008
Papers related on the pre-thought on quantum group is seen at SRFL Lab.
The object of this theory is isolating languages. #1
2
The Chinese language is adopted for the model of isolating languages. #2
3
In this theory the Chinese character is regarded as the Chinese language.
Therefore this theory is the theory for written language. #3
4
The Chinese character is the basis of this theory.
5
The Chinese character is the quantum of language. #4
Quantum is defined.
The quantum of language is the smallest unit of language.
The quantum of language has the force.
This force propels oneself to the next quantum.
Force is defined.
6
The quantum consists of indicators. #5
7
The indicator is the shape abstracted from the real world.
Indicator is defined.
The indicator has the signification and the period inherently.
8
The inherent signification of the indicator is produced from the work of the real world.
Inherent signification is defined.
The inherent period of the indicator is produced from the time of the real world.
Inherent period is defined.
9
The quantum consists of one or more than one indicators.
10
The quantum has the inherent meaning and the inherent time that is produced from one or more than one indicators. #6
11
The inherent meaning of the quantum is produced from the indicator or the combination of the indicators.
Inherent meaning is defined.
12
The inherent time of the quantum is produced from the indicator or the combination of the indicators.
Inherent time is defined.
13
The period of indicator has the start point and the end point.
The length of two points is called the period zone.
Period zone is defined.
The time of quantum have the start point and the end point.
The length of two points is called the time zone.
Time zone is defined. 14
The time zone of the quantum decides the state of the connection of the two quanta.
This state of the connection is called
15
The front quantum that has the short time zone can connect the rear quantum that has the long time zone.
This qualification is called .
This situation of connection is called word.
Word is defined.
16
The front quantum that has the long time zone cannot connect the rear quantum that has the short time zone.
This qualification is called .
This situation of separation is called sentence.
Sentence is defined.
17
Language has the gathering of words.
This gathering is called territory.
Territory is defined.
18
Language has the gathering of sentences.
This gathering is called province.
Province is defined.
19
The quantum appears for the purpose of adding the new value of the territory. #8
The value can spread the recognition of the human being.
This value is called harvest.
Harvest is defined.
20
Quantum propels oneself to the next quantum on a line.
This line is called orbit.
Orbit is defined.
21
Quanta propel on an orbit by the force of quanta.
The force of the quantum is produced from the indicator.
The indicator is the shape abstracted from the real world.
Therefore the indicator constantly approach to the real world.
This approach makes the force of quantum.
The force is placed in this theory.
The quantum connects real world by the force of approach.
This connection guarantees the existence of the quantum.
The quantum makes the word.
The quanta make the word.
The word is guaranteed.
The quanta make the sentence.
The sentence is guaranteed.
The quanta make the language.
The language is guaranteed.
22
A sentence needs an orbit.
Another sentence needs another obit.
Two sentences cannot propel on the same orbit.
This qualification is called .
23
A sentence becomes at rest when a quantum approaches the most nearly to the real world.
The force of the quantum disappears because of no use of approaching to the real world.
This phenomenon is called standstill.
Standstill is defined.
Standstill phenomenon is concerned with the prayer of belief in human being.
Because the prayer is the act of constantly approach to the real world of religion.
Standstill phenomenon is a subject for the anthropology of religion. #9
24
The orbit is linear.
Next orbit is under the former orbit in this theory.
The quantum of next orbit is located just below the quantum of the former orbit.
For example from Chinese, / Wo shuo de shi jiade. /In English, What I say is a lie.
By the combination rule, the separation rule and propelling rule, this Chinese is showed below.
Wo
shuo
de
shi jia
de.
This showing of the orbits is called orbit table. #10
Orbit table is defined.
The quanta on the same orbit is called phrase.
Phrase is defined.
In the orbit table, the place of the each orbit is called the layer.
Layer is defined.
25
In upper orbit table, the orbit of /shuo/, say, and /shi jia/, isa lie, is located in another layer.
The orbit of /shuo/ is guaranteed.
The orbit of /shi jia/ is also guaranteed.
26
The orbit of /shuo/ and the orbit of /shi jia/ are different.
Two orbits belong to another place of the language.
Language is made from orbits on which quanta are located.
27
/Wo shuo de shi jia de. / becomes contradiction in the current recognition of language.
But in this theory /shuo/ and /jiade/ are located another orbit.
Therefore contradiction is avoided.
Two orbits are equally guaranteed.
But the quantum of /shuo/ is farther than the quanta of /shi jia/ from the standstill.
/shi jia/ is nearer to the real world than /shuo/.
In the linear obit, nearer quantum to the standstill is stronger to the real world.
This is called .
Strength is a quantity of distance, from one quantum to the real world.
Strength is defined.
28
/Wo shuo de shi jia de. / is recognized below.
“The world is a lie. One place in this world I tell someone something.”
There is no contradiction here.
Notes
#1
This theory originates in the concept of Edward Sapir.
#2
This theory is indebted to the book of Wang Yingzhi, Jingzhuanshici.
#3
Chinese characters are almost the Chinese language itself.
Because Chinese syllabic sounds always request the own images for the memories.
Therefore Chinese characters can also act as the spoken Chinese.
#4
This Concept originates in the paper of Wang Guowei, Yinbucizhong suojian xiangong xianwang kao.
#5
Chinese character /yu/ generally means give birth to in English.
In ancient style of character /jia gu wen/ inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells, it has three indicators, woman bending forward, body fluid at childbirth, new born baby.
Therefore this character has the inherent meaning and time.
In other words, there are three successive categories of meaning and time, pregnancy, birth and support.
The quantum is essentially structural.
#6
This concept originates in the paper of Sergej Karcevskij, “Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique”.
#7
The quantum of language disappears when the meaning of the quantum goes out of use.
For example, Chinese character /bu/ not originally meant a part of flower.
But this notional meaning disappeared early in the Chinese language.
Later instead of this meaning, /bu/ possessed the denial function.
#8
Chinese character /jiao/ means teach in English, containing short time.
Chinese character /shi/ means room in English, containing long time.
Time of existence is longer than time of movement. Therefore /jiao shi/ makes one word. It means classroom.
But /shi jiao/ make one sentence, not one word. It means in the classroom I teach.
So connection and separation of the quanta are the new syntactic principle of the Chinese language.
It is called< time principle of quantum>.
#9
This theory is also a gift to anthropology, which always gives the theory flashes of thinking.
Many thanks for anthropology, especially for the book of Kawada Junzo, Mumoji shakai no rekishi.
#10
In Chinese traditional syntax, characters have been classified into two groups, /shi ci/ notional words and /xu ci/ functional words.
In this quantum theory, notional words have long time, functional words have short time.
Orbit table is made by the time measuring of this traditional classification.
inherits the linguistic method from /xiaoxue/ small study of the /Qing/ Ching dynasty.
Autumn in 2002, I entered hospital by contracting pneumonia, at where I thought that learning on Chinese characters heretofore seemed to be able to used for the model of language universals. Spring 2003 at Hakuba, Nagano I wrote a trial paper titled On Time Property Inherent in Characters, that was focused on the time inherent in characters using the Chinese written language appeared in typical philological text of the Five Classics of Confucianism. After all, this paper led me the long road to try solving language universals in language.
1.
On language universals my early papers are frequently concentrated in quantum's situation applied from theoretical physics. But at recent papers quantum's themes are almost disappear at least from the surface of theoretical progress.
This notable difference is occurred through language's whereabouts, thatis generally called space at scientific field. One of my important quest has been at this whereabouts description.
Physical space is very hard to describe clearly by my ability. Probably I have not been able to understand physical space for using and observing the situation of language models. On the contrary mathematical spaces are very clear by using minimum axioms and theorems.
2.
Another quest is occurred from natural language's quality.
Natural language consists of physical elements - voice and hearing, writing and seeing. But what being carried by upper elements are going over physical world - thought, remembrance, feeling and so forth. I ever wrote these situation using a sample that is a changing apple passing in the time.
This quest is paraphrased in concrete - physics and abstract - mathematics.
3.
Geometry is a field of mathematics, which I select because of being easily visualised thinking for my approach to the language problems. Geometry hands out intuitive ideas to me not using any formulas, for example even at the time of tea.I consent that geometry is the queen of mathematics. I also remember the saying of Roger Penrose, "We cannot get any deep understanding of the laws that govern the physical world without entering the world of mathematics."
4.
At the geometry field, now I am charmed to W. T. Thurston's geometrization concept, that opens 3-dimensional manifold to hyperbolic geometry's model. This model will probably hint me the new landscape for language models, that will show us more exhaustive language universal theory.
5. What now I say as language universals is energy ,distance, dimension and so forth. Brief comments on the three themes are time to time mentioned through my milestones to the upper steps for the research.
6. The hardest theme has been in energy all through the research. But Perelman has opened the narrow and steep lane to the aim by physics-mixture mathematics approach, especially thermodynamics-based means. It was a surprise which way was seemed to be the very hard way or despaired way at my present ability.
αi ⊂h*
∈ Z
ij Ki - Ki-1 / qi – qi-1 ( i , j∈I )
p [1-aijp]qiEi1-aij-pEjEip = 0 ( i , j∈I , i ≠j )