Friday, 5 July 2019

Egyptian Hieroglyph Exhibition by The British Museum Journey through the Afterlife Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead

Egyptian Hieroglyph Exhibition 
by The British Museum
Journey through the Afterlife Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead


TANAKA Akio                                     


The British Museum has exhibited The ancient Egypt at Tokyo, titled Journey through the Afterlife Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. The exhibition is excellent, especially total length 37 meters' Greenfield Papyrus is the highlight of the exhibit.

I feel over again that the letters on the papyrus is almost everlasting and my usual thought that the letters are superior than the spoken language which is thought important by Ferdinand Saussure.

Of course I have respected Saussure so much and have read COURS DE LINGUISTIQUE GENERALE time to time. But the Occidental linguistics has not enough tradition on the ideogram as usual at Chinese characters.

Japan has also succeeded the Chinese tradition and culture. So we have much felt the importance on characters and letters. Each ideogram has its unique molding technique and coinage ability. I have very satisfied with hieroglyph's figures comparison to Chinese characters.
 
 
Tokyo 
12 September 2012 


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Determination of concept, Broad Language

Determination of concept, Broad Language

Broad Language is a new concept of language, which is at first based on the writing system of language. This concept was ultimately determined at the letter to Y. on 5 February 2017.
  1. Egyptian Hieroglyph  Exhibition by The British Museum Journey through the Afterlife Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead 2012
  2. ​Essence of Language 2016
  3. The Days of Decipherment 2016
  4. ​​The Days of Ideogram ​​​Ideogram from hieroglyph to LATEX Symbol List 2017
  5. The comparison between 2003 and 2017 From Chinese character's meaning structure ​to Homological algebraic model of language universals 2017
  6. Letter to Y. Of Broad Language 2018


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Quantum Theory for Language Theoretical Summarization and Problem in Future 2004 :: SRFL Paper

Quantum Theory for Language Theoretical Summarization and Problem in Future 2004 :: SRFL Paper
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Quantum Theory for Language Theoretical Summarization and Problem in Future 2004

Quantum Theory for Language   
Theoretical Summarization and Problem in Future
 
 
]1 Human being calls the real world by name.
2 Continuous calling by name generates a fixed essential object which is abstracted from the real world.
3 This object is called meaning.
4 Meaning forms representation of the real world for the daily use of repeatability.
5 Time is bestowed on meaning by the real world.
6 Time represents the real time of the real world.
7 Time has longitude.
Details see Prague Theory.8 Existence has eternal time. Example of existence is <sun>.
Act has long time. Example of act is<walk>.
Judgment has short time. Example of judgment is <at>.
9 Representation is simplified for the memory of human being as far as possible.
10 The simplification is formed to marking.
11 One case of marking is inscriptions on bines and tortoise carapaces in ancient China.
On Basis see Quantum Theory for Language Summary.
Details see Property of quantum.
12 This marking is called quantum.
13 A set of quanta forms language.
14 The generative and practical explain of this set of quanta is called <Quantum Theory for Language>.
15 Quantum has meaning and time by representation from the real world.
16 Meaning is newly generated from the compositeness of two or over two quanta.
Example is shown below.
Character /Ri/ means sun in English.
Character /yue/ means moon in English.
Character /ming/ is compounded from two character /ri/ and /yue/.
Character /ming/ means light in English.
17 Compositeness of quanta becomes new quantum.
18 New quantum has new meaning and new time.
19 New meaning is compounded from the meaning of pre-compounding quanta.
20 New meaning is more complicated from the meaning of pre-compounding quanta.
21 New time is compounded from the time of pre-compounding quanta.
22 New time is shorter than the time of pre-compounding quanta.
23 Quantum has direction toward the real world.
On Basis see Distance Theory.
Details see Direction.
This direction guarantees the reliance of language.
Details see Guarantee of Language.
24 Time of quanta gives influence to relationship between quanta.
25 Relation of two quanta is connection or separation.
26 Contiguity of two quanta has rules.
27 Main rules are connection rule and separation rule.
Details see Quantum Theory for Language Synopsis.
28 According to the rules word or sentence is generated.
Connection rule works while word is generated.
Separation rule works while sentence is generated.
29 Quantum goes toward the real world.
On Basis see Quantification of Quantum.
Details see, Place where Quantum of Language Exists, Core Quanta and Convergence of Quanta.
The root of going, see Reversion Theory, Warp Theory.
30 Quantum stops at the place near the real word.
This situation is called end of sentence.
31 Time of quanta is related with end of sentence.
This situation is expressed by the digitization of quanta.
End of sentence is expressed by the combination of digitization of sequence zero level.
Details see Direction.
31 Quantum sends information to the next quantum.
The situation of sending, see Sending and Receiving Information of Quantum.
The root of sending, see Warp Theory.32 For the verification of quantum’s movement, language model is adopted in the Quantum Theory for Language.
This model is called model simplified level, abbreviated to MSL.
Basis, see Model of Quantum Theory for Language.
33 For the application of the model simplified level, abbreviated to MSL, language machine is thinkable.
Basis, see Quantum Theory for Language Synopsis.
Method of machine, see Reconstruction of Information between Two Quanta.
Root of method, see Prague Theory 2. 
34 For the space where quanta exist, floor and orbit are supposed.
For rough sketch, see Place where Quantum of Language Exists.
35 The medium of two quanta which send and receive information is supposed to semi-electrical signals in the model.
For rough sketch, see Prague Theory Summary and Prospect.    
 
Tokyo November 28, 2004


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Wednesday, 3 July 2019

Prague Theory 3


Prague Theory 3

An Inference of Early Work


1
Human being abstracts images from the world.
2
Images are simplified for memories.
3
Simplified images are drawn to linear forms.
4
Linearly formed images are used for substitutes of the world.
5
Lineation†1 is used with single or composite.
6
This lineation is the model of quantum in Quantum Theory for Language.
7
Chinese characters†2 are the actual model of the theory.
8
The theory adopts writing language for the object.
9
Chinese classics are the actual model†3 of the theory.
10
The theory renounces the overall situation of spoken language.
11
The theory adopts uniformity†4 in language.
12
Uniformity abandons the personal and periodical conditions for reproduction.
13
Uniformity is aimed for automaton†5 of reproduction on language.
14
Automaton of language will be one result of the theory.
15
Target of the theory is the whole movement of quanta.
16
A quantum comes into existence in the language world on account of the presentation of a new concept in the real world†6. 
17
The birth of a quantum†7 is the alienation from the real world.
18
A quantum drifts†8 in the language world.
19
A quantum has a location mark in the language world.
20
A quantum has a tendency to return to the real world.
21
Quanta touch in sequence toward the returning to the real world.
22
Quanta are finally at rest in the real world.
23
The drift of quantum is extinct.
24
A quantum ends the role of presentation.
25
The extinction of a quantum occurs at the return to the real world.
26
The sequence of quanta makes a sentence.
27
Quanta have a sequent linear locus†9 toward the real world.
28
The locus is recordable by the proper means in the language world.
29
The record is described by the numeral value on a coordinate system†10.
30
The record guarantees the reproduction of same sentence.
31
The same set of quanta makes the same set of sentences.
32
A quantum searches the appropriate set of quanta.
33
The searched set of quanta makes sentences.
34
Automaton of language is in the possible field.

Tokyo January 28, 2005
www.sekinan.org

[References / June 21, 2008]
†1< Lineation>
†2<Chinese character>
†3<Model>
†4<Uniformity>
†5<Automaton>
†6<Real world>
†7<Quantum>
†8<Drift>
†9<Locus>
†10<Coordinate system.

[References / July 11, 2008]

[Reference / January 1, 2009]
<On meaning and grammar>


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Prague Theory Dedicated to KARCEVSKIJ, PRAGUE and CHINO

Prague Theory

Dedicated to KARCEVSKIJ, PRAGUE and CHINO

TANAKA Akio

1
Language consists of quanta of language.
2
Quantum of language is the minimum unit of language.
3
The quantum has the inherent time and meaning.
4
The quantum has the distance from the real world.
5
The distance adds relative meaning to the inherent meaning.
6
The inherent time and meaning are generated from the complex of the simple images abstracted from the real world.
7
The simple images are left in characters of Chinese language /hanyu/.
But many languages using the phonetic sign do not remain the traces of images.
8
The simple images have their own passage of time.
9
Chinese character /kun/, difficult in English has two simple images inside.
One is an enclosure.
The other is a tree in the enclosure.
The enclosure has the time of no passage.
The tree has the time of own growth.
The complex of the two images leads two consequences.
One is <time element> that is abbreviated to TE.
The other is <meaning element> that is abbreviated to ME.
TE is a sort of artificial time. In this situation, the tree grows in the passage of time.
But this tree does not destroy the enclosure.
The time of the tree stops immediately before the destruction of the enclosure.
TE has a separated time from start and end of the tree.
This is the <inherent time†> of the character /kun/.
ME is also artificial. The tree grows eternally, but does not destroy the enclosure similarly in eternity.
This is the situation of character /kun/.
So inherent meaning emerges, having difficult condition never changed in eternity.
10
ME is changed in the arranging set of quanta of language. This set is called <sentence>.
Chinese /xue shuxue/, learn mathematics in English, has two /xue/.
The two are quanta of language.
The first quantum has longer distance than the second quantum. So according to the situation, two quanta have an additional meaning to the inherent.
The second quantum has a shorter distance that is closer to the real world. So Close meaning to the real thing is added.
The first quantum has a longer distance that is more separate to the real world. Additional meaning is also more separate from the real thing.
In the arrangement of the quanta set, complex meaning is emerged.
This meaning is called <additional meaning element>, abbreviated to AME.
11
In the set of quanta of language, three elements <time element> <meaning element> <additional meaning element> are working.
Now I call the view on language <Prague Theory> for having a high regard to KARCEVSKIJ, PRAGUE and CHINO Eiichi.


Tokyo 
October 2, 2004
Sekinan Research Field of Language

[Postscript January 31, 2008]
<Basis>
†On a basis of /kun/’s periodic <inherent time>, refer to the next.
Clifford Algebra / Note 6 / Periodicity / Tokyo January 26, 2008
[Postscript February 2, 2008]
<Basis>
†On respective differences of <inherent time>, refer to the next.
Clifford Algebra / TOMONAGA’s Super Multi-time Theory / Tokyo January 25, 2008
<References>
<<Past work on multi-time themes>>
Aurora Theory / Dictoron, Time and Symmetry <Language Multi-Time Conjecture> / Tokyo October 6, 2006
Aurora Theory / Word, Phrase and Sentence <Language Multi-Time Conjecture 2> / Tokyo October 25, 2006
Language and Spacetime / Time Flow in Word For KOBARI Akihiro and His Time / Tokyo May 3, 2007
<<For more details>>
Invitation by Theme-Time / Data Arranged at Tokyo January 6, 2008
Aurora Theory
Language and Spacetime


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Being led by Karcevskij's conjecture

Being led by Karcevskij's conjecture

TANAKA Akio

12 December 2017

Abstracted and revised from
Karcevskij conjecture 1928 and Kawamata conjecture 2002
Tokyo
25 May 2016
SRFL Theory



Sergej Karcevskij declared a conjecture for language's asymmetric structure on the TCLP of the Linguistic Circle of Prague in 1928. I briefly wrote about the conjecture as the following.

.....................................................................................................................................

Prague in 1920s, The Linguistic Circle of Prague and Sergej Karcevskij's paper "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique"

From Print 2012, Chapter 18

Non-symmetry. It was the very theme that I repeatedly talked on with C. Prague in 1920s. Karcevskij's paper "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique" that appeared in the magazine TCLP.  Absolutely contradicted coexistence between flexibility and solidity, which language keeps on maintaining, by which language continues existing as language.  Still now there will exist the everlasting dual contradiction in language. Why can language stay in such solid and such flexible condition like that. Karcevskij proposed the duality that is seemed to be almost absolute contradiction. Sergej Karcevskij's best of papers, for whom C called as the only genius in his last years' book Janua Linguisticae reserata 1994. 

Source: 
  1. Tale / Print by LI Koh / 27 January 2012  

Reference:
  1. Fortuitous Meeting, What CHINO Eiichi Taught Me in the Class of Linguistics / 5 December 2004 
Reference 2:
  1. Linguistic Circle of Prague / 13 July 2012 - 19 July 2012
References 3:
  1. Note for KARCEVSKIJ Sergej's "Du dualisme asymetrique du signe linguistique" / 8 September 2011
  2. Condition of Meaning / 11 September 2011
References 4:
  1. Dimension of Language / 4 September 2013
  2. Synthesis of Meaning and Transition of Dimension / 6 September 2013
Reference 5:
  1. Reversion Conjecture Revised / 1 May 2014 - 20 May 20

[Note, 2 October 2014]
In this Tale, Print 2012, C is CHINO Eiichi who was the very teacher in my life, taught me almost all the heritage of modern linguistics. I first met him in 1969 at university's his Russian class as a student knowing nothing on language study.
  1. From Distance to Pseudo-Kobayashi Distance / 5 February 2012

Tokyo
23 February 2015
SIL
....................................................................................................................................
This asymmetric duality of linguistic sign presented by Karcevskij has become the prime mover for my study from the latter half of the 20th century being led by my teacher CHINO Eiichi.
But the theme was very hard even to find a clue. The turning point visited after I again learnt mathematics especially algebraic geometry in 1980s. 
In 2009 I successively wrote  the trial papers of the theme assisted by several results of contemporary mathematics. The papers are the following.
......................................................................................................................................

 
 
 
 
Tokyo
8 September 2011 - 11 September 2011 
sekinanmetria


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